渭北旱塬不同覆盖方式对小麦产量及农艺性状的影响  

Effect of different covering methods on wheat yield and agronomic characters in Weibei highland

作　　者：薛晓辉[1,2] 郝明德[2] 李丽霞 史培[4] 王缠军[4] 何晓雁[4] 

机构地区：[1]毕节学院地理与生命科学学院,贵州毕节551700 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]山东省农业环境保护总站,山东济南250100 [4]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第5期37-40,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB118604);国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD31B01);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC408);2011年农技推广与体系建设专项经费项目;毕节学院校级重点项目(20102017)

摘　　要：通过在渭北旱塬的不同覆盖试验,对覆盖方式与小麦产量、农艺性状之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)地膜、秸秆-地膜、渗水地膜-秸秆覆盖地面后小麦产量显著增加,以地膜全程覆盖处理小麦产量最高,可达6 971 kg/hm2,与无覆盖处理相比,不同材料和时期覆盖后小麦最高增产92.62%,最低增产23.16%;(2)地膜或者渗水地膜-秸秆全程覆盖地面,小麦产量显著高于休闲期覆盖;(3)不同材料覆盖地面后,小麦的农艺性状可以得到大幅改善,但在全程覆盖的处理中,小麦基本苗数下降。This paper studied the relationships of covering methods and wheat yield, agronomic characters based on the experiment of different covering methods in Weibei highland. Results were as follows ： （ 1 ） wheat yield increased sig- nificantly when the grounds were covered with common plastic film, straw and common plastic film, straw and water- permeability plastic film. The yield of wheat was highest in DQF treatment, and reached 6 971 kg/hm2. Compared with no covering, under different covering matters and terms, the highest increase rate of wheat yield was 92.62 % and the lowest increase rate was 23.16% ; （2） Wheat yield in the treatments that grounds were covered with common plastic film, straw and water-permeability plastic film in the whole process were significantly higher than that in the fallow peri- od; （3） Agronomic characters of wheat were improved greatly after the ground was covered with different materials, but the basic seedling number of wheat decreased in the whole-process mulching treatments.

关 键 词：渭北旱塬 覆盖方式 小麦产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]