一种新型哮喘儿童管理教育模式—入校教育的研究  

The Research of A New Type of Asthma Management Mode——The Children Entering School Education

作　　者：宁立华[1] 张亚京[1] 王鑫[1] 马春艳[1] 任静[1] 郝锦丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古包钢医院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中外医学研究》2012年第30期45-47,共3页CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:探索一种新型哮喘儿童管理教育模式。方法:选择4所小学校,培训校医。通过问卷调查筛选出哮喘及可疑哮喘儿童,随机分为教育组及非教育组。由校医对教育组儿童、家长进行哮喘相关知识教育。对两组教育前后问卷情况进行比较。结果:教育后儿童及家长对哮喘相关知识的掌握情况较教育前明显提高(P<0.05);教育后家长选择使用吸入激素预防哮喘发作的人数由教育前的18人增加至27人,对选择吸入激素类抗哮喘药物有顾虑者由教育前的19人减至8人(P<0.05)。结论:建立一种哮喘管理教育模式,在医生、校方人员、家长和患儿间建立哮喘管理伙伴关系来帮助学生控制哮喘。教育后哮喘患儿能对自己的病情做出正确判断,避免严重不良事件及突发事件的发生。对家长教育的重点应放在哮喘的一些特征性及不典型表现的知识上。教育后哮喘儿童及家长能正确判断发病先兆、评价病情严重程度,采取积极应对措施,从而减少哮喘发作次数及程度。哮喘治疗方面的教育重点是了解吸入与全身激素的差异,解除家长对吸人激素的顾虑。Objective ：To explore a new model of education in management of asthmatic children.Methods ：Children with asthma and suspected asthma by screened through questionnaire were randomly divided into education group and non-educational group. The school doctors educated for asthma related knowledge to education group, questionnaires before and after education were analyzed statistically.Results ：After education, the asthma related knowledge were improved significantly in educated children and their parents.The number of parents chooselng to use inhaled eorticosteroids to prevent asthma attacks increased from 18 to 27 persons, and the number of choosing to worry about corticosteroid decreased from 19 to 8 persons（P〈0.05）.Conclnsion ：To establish a education model of asthma management and relationship among the school personnel, doctors, parents and children will help students control asthma. After education, children with asthma can judge their conditions more correct and avoid serious adverse events and unexpected events .Parent education should focus on some asthma knowledge with characteristics and atypical manifestations.After education, children with asthma and their parents can correctly judge attack , evaluate disease severity and take positive measures to reduce the number and degree of asthma attacks. The focus of asthma treatment education is to understand the difference between inhaled and systemic hormones, subdue parental hesitation of inhaled steroid.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 教育模式 学校 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]