精神疾病患者歧视感知状况及应对方式的研究  

Perceived Stigma and Coping Orientation of People with Mental Illnesses

作　　者：徐晖[1] 李栓荣[2] 李峥[3] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学护理学院,河南省郑州市450052 [2]河南省精神病医院 [3]北京协和医学院护理学院

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2012年第28期3281-3283,共3页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：2011年郑州市社科联调研课题(689)

摘　　要：目的探讨精神疾病患者对外界歧视的感知状况及应对方式,并探讨两者之间的关系。方法便利选取河南省某三级甲等精神病专科医院住院治疗的康复期精神分裂症和抑郁症患者87例,采用Link贬低-歧视感知量表、病耻感应对量表进行调查。结果精神疾病患者歧视感知的平均得分为(2.55±0.32)分,与量表均值相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者应对方式中挑战、保密、分离和教育维度的得分高于量表均值,其中挑战维度的得分最高,为(2.86±0.41)分;患者的歧视感知与其应对方式之退缩行为呈正相关(r=0.242,P=0.024)。结论多数精神疾病患者感知到了人们的贬低态度,并随之产生挑战、保密、分离、教育他人和社交退缩等应对方式。Objective To investigate the stigma perceived by people with mental illnesses and how they cope with it. Methods A total of 87 patients with schizophrenia or depression who were at their rehabilitation stage in a Grade III- A psychiatric hospital were included in the study. Stigma scale was used to conduct the survey. Results The subjects＇ average scoring （2. 55 ± 0. 32 ） on perceived stigma was not significantly different with the scale mean value （P 〉 0.05 ） The subjects＇ scoring on secrecy, withdrawal, educating others, and challenging was higher than the scale mean value. Their scoring on challenging （ 2. 86 ± 0. 41 ） was the highest. The perceived stigma was positively correlated with the patients＇ retraction behavior （ r = 0. 242, P = 0. 024） . Conclusion Most patients with mental illness perceive stigma from other people, and the perception induce several coping orientations like secrecy, withdrawal, educating others, challenging, and distancing

关 键 词：精神分裂症 抑郁症 歧视 应对方式 

分 类 号：R896.91[医药卫生—法医学]