某电子企业2224例酸碱作业工人的肺功能状况评估  

Assessment on pulmonary function of 2 224 workers exposed to acid and alkali in an electronic enterprise

作　　者：梁灿坤[1] 林锦明[2] 郝建楸[1] 陈文净[1] 刘春艳[1] 秦伟[1] 杨爱初[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省工伤康复中心,广州市510440 [2]广东省职业病防治院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第19期2351-2353,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的评估某电子企业酸碱作业工人的肺功能状况。方法对2 224例酸碱作业工人的肺功能检测结果进行分级评定和内外对照。结果通气功能减退率和小气道功能异常率分别为22.66%和10.21%(P<0.01)。通气功能轻、中和重度减退率分别为21.72%、0.90%和0.04%;小气道功能轻、中和重度异常率分别为8.72%、1.35%和0.13%。酸碱作业工人的通气功能减退率和小气道功能异常率与粉尘作业工人的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);酸碱作业工人的通气功能减退率与整群抽样的垃圾处理工人的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但高于整群抽样的粉尘作业工人、打磨作业工人及电焊作业工人(P<0.01);小气道功能异常率与整群抽样的垃圾处理工人、粉尘作业工人、打磨作业工人及电焊作业工人的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该电子企业酸碱作业工人肺功能损害较严重,应加强对该人群的肺脏健康监测和职业卫生防护。[Objective]To assess the pulmonary function situation of workers exposed to acid and alkali in an electronic enterprise.[Methods]The classification evaluation and control study were conducted in pulmonary function detection results of 2 224 workers exposed to acid and alkali.[Results]The rates of ventilation hypofunction and abnormal small airway function was 22.66% and 10.21% respectively（P0.01）.The rate of mild,moderate and severe ventilation hypofunction was 21.72%,0.90% and 0.04% respectively.The rate of mild,moderate and severe abnormal small airway function was 8.72%,1.35% and 0.13% respectively.There was no significant difference in rates of ventilation hypofunction and abnormal small airway function between acid and alkali exposed workers and dust exposed workers（P0.05）.There was no significant difference in rate of ventilation hypofunction between acid and alkali exposed workers and waste disposal workers collected by cluster sampling（P0.05）,but the rate of ventilation hypofunction of acid and alkali exposed workers was higher than that of dust exposed workers,polish workers and electric welding workers collected by cluster sampling（P0.01）.There was no significant difference in rate of abnormal small airway function between acid and alkali exposed workers and waste disposal workers,dust exposed workers polish workers,electric welding workers（P0.05）.[Conclusion]The pulmonary function damage of acid and alkali exposed workers in this electronic enterprise is serious,so it is necessary to strengthen lung health monitoring and occupational health protection in this population.

关 键 词：酸碱作业 肺功能 分级 对照 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]