2005—2011年溧水县结核病流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Lishui County from 2005-2011

作　　者：郑继[1,2] 吉华平[1] 刘叶胜 陶文元[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏省南京市210029 [2]溧水县疾病预防控制中心 [3]溧水县人民医院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第20期2433-2436,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解溧水县肺结核病的流行病学特征,为该县结核病防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,统计分析2005—2011年溧水县肺结核发病率和三间分布。结果肺结核病年发病率从2005年的103.41/10万下降至2011年29.14/10万,呈明显的下降趋势(χ2=300.66,P<0.01)。新发涂阳发病率从2005年的43.15/10万下降至2011年的14.69/10万,呈明显的下降均势(χ2=109.72,P<0.01)。1 792例患者中,空洞肺结核298例,占肺结核的16.63%;各年空洞肺结核比例呈一定的下降趋势(χ2=19.73,P<0.05)。男女肺结核患者发病率分别为84.13/10万及39.89/10万,发病率之比为2.11∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=223.95,P<0.01)。年龄分布中,65～74岁组最多,占发病总人数的21.15%;其次为55～64岁组,占20.31%;0～4岁组无发病。职业分布中,农民位居第1,占总发病人数的75.22%;其次为工人,占总发病人数的8.48%;离退人员和学生分别占总发病人数的3.79%和4.07%。每个月份均有发病,以3—6月份发病相对较多,占全年的42.64%。结论溧水县结核病预防控制形势依然严峻,结核病防治的工作重点应在农村,应采取综合措施控制当地疫情。[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Lishui County and provide a scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological studies were adopted to analyze the incidence rate and three distribution of tuberculosis in Lishui County from 2005-2010.[Results] The annual incidence rate decreased from 103.41 /100 000 in 2005 to 29.14/ 100 000 in 2011,showing a downward trend（χ2=300.66,P0.01）.The annual incidence rate of new positive cases decreased from 43.15/ 100 000 in 2005 to 14.69/ 100 000 in 2011,showing a downward trend（χ2=109.72,P0.01）.Of all the 1 792 cases,the number of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis case was 298（16.63%）,showing a downward trend（χ2=19.73,P0.05）.The incidence rate of male and female was 84.13/100 000 and 84.13/100 000,respectively,the gender ratio of 2.11∶1,with significant difference（χ2=223.95,P0.01）.In the age distribution,65-74 years age group ranked first（21.15%）,followed by 55-64 years age group（20.31%）,0-4 years age group had no case.Occupation distribution showed farmer ranked first（75.22%）,followed by workers（8.48%）,students（4.07%） and retirees（3.79%）.The patients were distributed in eahc month,42.64% appeared during March to June. [Conclusion]The tuberculosis prevention and control is still grim in Lishui County and should focus on rural area.It is necessary to take integrated measures to control the local epidemic situation.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行 预防与控制 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]