Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金锡盐电解着色工艺及膜性能研究  

Tin Salt Electrolytic Coloring Processing and Performance of Colored Films for Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg Alloy

作　　者：王林山[1] 尚妍[1,2] 王育红[1] 牛盾[1] 刘常升[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学理学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]东北大学材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《稀有金属》2012年第5期681-686,共6页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家科技部国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAE80B01)

摘　　要：Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg是一种新型含镁高硅铝合金挤压型材,具有优异的力学性能、加工性能和广阔的市场前景,其表面处理技术亟待研究和开发。选择L25(55)五因素五水平正交实验方案优化电解着色液的组成,得到最佳电解液配方成分为:硫酸亚锡12 g·L-1、硫酸12 g·L-1、硼酸6 g·L-1、稳定剂Ⅰ14 g·L-1和稳定剂Ⅱ1.2 g·L-1。通过单因素实验确定交流电解着色工艺条件为:时间10～15 min,温度20～25℃,交流电压12～25 V。控制电解着色条件,可得到颜色从浅到深的着色膜。微观结构分析(EDS,XRF,XRD)证实着色膜中沉积金属锡,着色膜均匀致密,与铝基材结合良好,厚度约为10～13μm。着色试样400℃恒温1 h后表面无变化。反复将300℃的试样浸入室温下的水中,着色膜表面无变化,表明锡盐着色膜热稳定性和抗热震性良好。耐酸蚀、耐碱蚀实验表明电解着色试样的耐酸蚀、耐碱蚀性能均优于裸样。240 h中性盐雾实验后,电解着色膜的保护评级和外观评级为9级。Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg is of novel magnesium containing high silicon aluminum alloy extrusion profile,possessing excellent mechanical properties as well as broad market prospects.Nevertheless,this kind of material was urgently in need of surface treatment technologies.The 5 factors and 5 levels orthogonal design was applied to optimize for composition of electrolytic coloring solution.The optimal contents of the solution were 12 g · L-1 of SnSO4,12 g · L-1 of H2SO4,6 g · L-1 of H3BO3,14 g · L-1 of stabilizer I and 1.2 g · L-1 of stabilizer II.Electrolytic coloring conditions,determined by single factor tests,were 10～15 min of electrolytic time,20～25 ℃ of temperature and 12～25 V of AC voltage.By controlling operation conditions,electrolytic coloring films with colors from light to dark were obtained,respectively.Analysis of microstructure（EDS,XRF,XRD） showed that tin metal was deposited in the colored film.The colored films,about 10～13 μm thick,were uniform,dense and firmly attached to the substrate.After the colored samples were maintained at 400 ℃ for 1 h,or quenched from 300 ℃ to room temperature,the coloring films did not change,demonstrating excellent thermostability and thermal sock resistance of the tin salt color films.Acid and alkali corrosion tests showed that acid resistance and alkali resistance of samples with colored film were much better than those of naked samples.After 240 h neutral salt spray test,protection ratings and appearance ratings of colored films were Grade 9.

关 键 词：Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金 锡盐 电解着色 性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]