基于环境风险后果评价的危险化学品码头选址  

Application of Environmental Risk Consequence Assessment in Site Selection of Hazardous Chemical Wharfs

作　　者：周薇[1] 钱瑜[1] 李林子[1] 张玉超[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院、污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2012年第5期59-64,共6页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家863计划(2012AA063304);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2011694)

摘　　要：在危险化学品码头选址期间开展环境风险后果评价,有助于减轻码头运营期间突发水污染事故对周围环境可能造成的不利影响。通过将环境风险后果具体化为风险受体脆弱性与暴露的乘积,把风险的受体分为人群、经济和生态3大类别,对每一类受体分别选取指标计算脆弱性指数。并以长江南京段沿岸危化品码头的选址为例,在评价区域建立二维水质模型模拟苯胺泄漏后污染物的时空分布,并根据不同的浓度阈值确定每类受体对应的暴露系数,最后给出定量的评价结果为选址提供建议。Applying environmental risk consequence assessment to hazardous chemical wharfs during their site selection stage would help to reduce the accidental contamination hazard in the operation period. In this article, risk consequence is quantified as vulnerability multiplies exposure. Risk receptors are classified into three categories： human, economic receptor and ecological receptor. Relevant indicators are selected to calculate the vulnerability index for each receptor category. Taking the hazardous wharfs on the bank of Yangtze River in Nanjing as example, a two dimensional water quality model is built to simulate the space-time distribution of contamination from aniline leakage. Different concentration thresholds are set to calculate the exposure indexes. The quantitative assessment result can give managers a proposal for site selection.

关 键 词：环境风险后果评价 危险化学品码头选址 脆弱性评价 暴露评价 

分 类 号：X323[环境科学与工程—环境工程]