宁夏2008～2010年手足口病流行病学特征分析  

ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HAND,FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN NINGXIA PROVINCE DURING 2008-2010

作　　者：马芳[1] 杜建才[1] 马江涛[1] 李丽[1] 张征[1] 夏清 

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004 [2]宁夏回族自治区第三人民医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2012年第3期533-536,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ09187)

摘　　要：[目的]分析宁夏手足口病流行特征及流行因素,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。[方法]采用描述性流行病学分析方法对宁夏手足口病发病资料进行分析。[结果]2008年5月～2010年6月共报告病例11123例,其中重症病例24例,死亡2例;全区各县区均有发病,兴庆区发病率最高,为679.55/10万;发病主要集中在5～10月;男女性别比为1.60︰1;5岁以下儿童发病占90.31%,以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主。实验室检测EV71和CA16是引起我区手足口病的主要病原体。全区共报告10例以上的手足口病暴发疫情16起,均发生在幼儿园,14起检出肠道病毒阳性,其中10起为EV71阳性。[结论]手足口病的发生存在明显季节性及地区、性别、年龄差异,且疫情处于上升状态,应加强对手足口病的健康教育及对农村偏远地区和城镇托幼机构的疫情监测力度,同时提高医疗机构对手足口病重症病例的诊断及救治能力。[Objective]To analyze the epidemic characteristic of HFMD in Ningxia and to provide scientific basis for HFMD prevention.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the characteristics of the hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD）in Ningxia.[Results]11 123 cases of HFMD were reported between May 2008 and June 2010,including 24 severe cases and 2 death cases.The patients were distributed throughout the counties and districts of the province.The highest incidence was in the counties of Xingqing,where the incidence was 679.55/lakh.Most cases were found from May to October.The ratio between male and female infected subjects was 1.60︰1.The proportion of the cases below five year-old was 90.31%.Majority of the HFMD cases was the scattered and kindergarten children.EV71 and CA16 were the major pathogens for HFMD in Ningxia.Outbreaks of HFMD（16 cases）were reported between May 2008 and June 2010.All of the outbreaks were occurred in kindergarten,in which 14 cases were caused by enterovirus.10 out of the 14 outbreaks were caused by EV71.[Conclusion]Significant differences are found in the incidence of HFMD disease between different seasons,regions,sexes and ages,in addition to the rising trend of the epidemic prevalence.It should strengthen the health education and monitor of hand-foot-mouth disease in remote rural villages and the nurseries in town,and improve the capability of diagnosis and remedy the severe cases.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 暴发 肠道病毒属 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]