检影法在学龄前儿童屈光状态调查的应用  

Application of retinoscopy in the survey of refraction among preschool children

作　　者：王菁[1] 李桥[1] 刘虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]爱尔眼科医院集团南京爱尔眼科医院视光部,南京210006

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2012年第3期103-105,共3页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的应用检影法调查南京市江宁百家湖社区学龄前儿童的双眼屈光状态,了解学龄前儿童屈光不正的患病情况。方法采用带状光检影镜,在半暗室光线非散瞳下对南京市江宁百家湖社区7所幼儿园3-5岁儿童1352人的双眼屈光检查,其中男孩728人,女孩624人,对检查结果按不同年龄组统计分析。结果 1.共2704只眼接受检影检查,屈光不正率13.35%（361/2704）。3岁-、4岁-、5岁-年龄组屈光不正率分别为12.38%（104/840）、13.07%（120/918）、14.48%（137/946）,5岁-组屈光异常率最高,但各年龄组无统计学差异（χ2=1.791,P=0.408）。2.屈光异常361只眼中,远视155只眼（42.94%）,散光204只眼（56.51%）,近视2只眼（0.55%）。3岁-、4岁-、5岁-年龄组远视、散光构成比有统计学差异（χ2=11.317,P=0.003）,4岁-年龄组散光高于其他组。结论 1.在半暗室光线下行非散瞳检影可作为幼儿园屈光状态检查的有效筛查手段。2.南京市江宁百家湖社区3-5岁学龄前儿童屈光异常患病率不低,各年龄段屈光状态无明显差异,屈光不正主要类型为散光和远视。Objective To survey and analyze of refraction by application of retinoscopy among preschool children in Jiangning’s Baijiahu district of Nanjing.Methods1352 preschool children who have natural pupil in 7 kingdergartens of Jiangning’s Baijiahu district of Nanjing were examined in the half-dark room by retinoscopy of Su Zhou Liuliu,including 728 boys and 624 girls,the data was statistically analyzed in three groups： 3-year-old group、4-year-old group、5-year-old group.Resusts 1.Totally 2704 eyes were received refraction examination,the ratio of refraction error was 13.35%.There was no significant difference in 3-yearold group、4-year-old group and5-year-old group,in spite of increasing ratio with age（χ2=1.791,P=0.408）.2.The refraction error happened in 361 eyes,consisting of 155 eyes（42.94%） with hyperopia,204 eyes（56.51%）with astigmatism,only 2 eyes（0.55%） with myopia in one 5-year-old child.The proportion of astigmatism and hyperopia was significant difference in 3-year-old group、4-year-old group、5-year-old group（χ2=11.317,P=0.003）,the ratio of astigmatism in4 year-old group was significantly greater than that in other groups.Conclusions 1.Retinoscopy is an useful method to survey refraction of kingdergarten’s children with natural pupil in the half-dark room.2.Among preschool children in Jiangning’s Baijiahu district of Nanjing,the ratio of refraction error isn’t low,the main type of refraction error is astigmatism and hyperopia.

关 键 词：筛查 检影 屈光状态 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R778.2[医药卫生—眼科]