北京低收入大学毕业生聚居体研究——唐家岭现象及其延续  

BEIJING' S ANT TRIBE:A CASE STUDY OF TANGJIALING

作　　者：顾朝林[1] 盛明洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《人文地理》2012年第5期20-24,103,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971092);北京市哲学社会科学规划项目(11CSA003)

摘　　要：随着中国城市化进程进入快速增长时期,低收入大学毕业生社会群体在城市的生存状况成为政治家和科学家关注的焦点。本文主要根据现有文献资料,配合笔者实地调研,进行北京低收入大学毕业生聚居体研究,尤其就北京唐家岭现象及其延续效应进行分析,主要涉及北京低收入大学毕业生聚居体现况、社会特征、群体聚居村落和后续空间效应等。文章认为:北京低收入大学毕业生聚居体是2000年以来、继下岗职工、农民工之后,中国城市化进程中形成的第三大社会弱势群体。北京低收入大学毕业生聚居体产生的原因,首先是低工资就业市场,其次是高房租租赁市场。他们是弱势社会群体,需要全社会的关注和帮助,在目前中国发展阶段,彻底改造甚至消灭这样的聚居体是没有必要的。In recent years, China has been transforming from an agricultural country to a country of industrial- ization, urbanization, internationalization and modernization. Reducing the number of farmers and promoting the level of economic and social development in rural areas are seen as the key points in China＇s social transi- tion. Enhancing the level of education, especially encouraging postsecondary education in rural population, is expected to be the cheapest and the most operable way to reduce the number of farmers. However, the urban housing and employment distribution system makes it hard for the rural college graduates to involve in city life. At the meanwhile, the graduates are strongly influenced by the urban lifestyle, so they are unwilling to go back to rural areas. As a result, the low-income college graduates have no choice but to live in the urban vil- lages where the house rent is relatively low. This phenomenon has become the focus of urban social space re- search, and it is an extension of the research of China＇s urban poverty, urban villages and the evolution of ur- ban social and spatial structure. It is the group of low-income college graduates that known as ＂ant tribe ＂. This paper makes deep analysis of the Tangjialing phenomenon and its aftereffect. Based on an in-depth field investigation, the paper looks at an urban village in which low-income new university graduates are concen- trated. It will focus on the current situation and sociology features of the low-income graduates who live in ur- ban villages Beijing. There are some factors which cause geographical settle down in urban villages Beijing, i. e., not to enough jobs for them, too low salary and too high rent for housing. The case study gives a detailed account of the living conditions, predicaments and surviving strategies of the ant tribe in Tangjialing, Beijing. The last part of the paper reflects on the rights and prospects of this newly emerged disadvantaged group in the Chinese city .

关 键 词：中国城市化 低收入大学毕业生聚居体 城中村 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理]