城市地表水中肠道病原微生物与粪便污染指示菌的关系研究  

Comparative study on enteric pathogens and their relations with fecal indicator bacteria in urban surface waters

作　　者：张崇淼[1,2] 王晓昌[1] 周进宏[1] 吉铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055 [2]清华大学国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2012年第11期2789-2794,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.50908185);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(No.11JK0765);国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室开放基金项目(No.MARC2011D038);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(No.IRT0853)~~

摘　　要：本研究选择肠道病毒、伤寒沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌作为城市水体中典型的肠道病原微生物,分别建立起相应的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法.对水源水、景观娱乐用水以及城市河流样品进行长期监测,考察典型肠道病原微生物的分布特征和变化规律.肠道病毒在各地表水体中都有检出,浓度大都在103copy·L-1以下.大肠埃希氏菌的含量在保护良好的水体和接纳城市污水的水体中有明显差别,而伤寒沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌通常出现在受粪便污染较重的水体中.统计学的分析结果显示各种水体中的肠道病原微生物检出浓度均符合对数正态分布规律.粪便污染指示菌与肠道病毒之间不存在显著的相关性,但却能在一定程度上反映典型肠道病原菌的存在情况.在大肠菌群或粪大肠菌群浓度为104CFU·L-1以上的样品中,伤寒沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌具有较高的阳性率.Abstract： In this study, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp. and Escherichia colt were selected as typical enteric pathogens in urban surface waters and characterized by the real-time PCR methods. The occurrences of pathogens were investigated in urban surface waters including source of drinking water supply, landscape water and urban river. Enteroviruses were detected in most of water samples with the concentration below 10^3 copy·L^-1. The concentration of Escherichia colt was obviously different between the reserved waters and the waters receiving sewage. Salmonella typhi and ShigeUa sp. often appeared in the fecal contaminated waters. By statistical analysis, the concentrations of enteric pathogens in each water body all followed the log - normal distribution. There was no significant correlation between fecal indicator bacteria and enteroviruses. Nevertheless, fecal indicator bacteria can reflect the presence of typical enteric pathogens in urban surface waters to some extent. The positive rate of Salmonella typhi or Shigella sp. was high in the water samples where the concentration of total coliforms or fecal coliforms was above 104 CFU· L^-l.

关 键 词：城市地表水 肠道病原微生物 粪便污染指示菌 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]