北京市新建城区不透水地表径流N、P输出形态特征研究  

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Composition in Urban Runoff from the New Development Area in Beijing

作　　者：李立青[1] 吕书丛[1] 朱仁肖[1] 刘泽权[1] 单保庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学环境学院,武汉430074 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第11期3760-3767,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801207);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07315-001;2008ZX07209-003)

摘　　要：2010年通过对北京市新建城区典型不透水地表径流水样的采集与分析,研究新建城区地表径流水质特征及其N、P输出形态组成,以期为城市地表径流污染的源区控制提供科学依据.结果表明,北京市新建区典型不透水地表屋面和道路地表径流污染初期冲刷效应显著,屋面径流污染负荷的输出主要集中在初期10 mm径流,而道路径流污染负荷的输出主要集中在初期15 mm径流.屋面地表径流TSS、COD、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N和TP事件浓度均值分别为50.2、81.7、6.07、2.94、1.05和0.11 mg·L-1;道路地表径流TSS、COD、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N和TP事件浓度均值分别为539.0、276.4、7.00、1.71、1.51和0.61 mg·L-1.屋面径流颗粒态COD、TN和TP分别占20.8%、12.3%和49.7%,道路径流颗粒态COD、TN和TP分别占68.6%、20.0%和73.6%.屋面径流溶解性氮素占总氮87.7%,其中NH4+-N和NO3--N分别占57.6%和22.5%,道路径流溶解性氮素占总氮的80.0%,其中NH4+-N和NO3--N分别占42.1%和35.0%.城市地表径流污染控制应加强NH4+-N和NO3--N的去除.Stormwater runoff samples were collected from two impervious roof and road of the new development area in Beijing,during three rainfall events in an attempt to characterize the urban runoff and determine nitrogen and phosphorus composition.The outcomes are expected to offer the practical guidance in sources control of urban runoff pollution.The results indicated that the stormwater runoff from the studied area presented a strong first flush for all monitored events and constituents.Eighty percent of the total pollutant loads were transported by the first 10 mm flow volume for roof runoff,whereas 80% of the total pollutant loads were discharged by the first 15 mm flow volume for road runoff.Average EMCs of TSS,COD,TN,NH＋4-N,NO-3-N and TP for roof runoff were 50.2 mg·L^-1,81.7 mg·L^-1,6.07 mg·L^-1,2.94 mg·L^-1,1.05 mg·L^-1,and 0.11 mg·L^-1,respectively.Average EMCs of TSS,COD,TN,NH＋4-N,NO-3-N and TP for road runoff were 539.0 mg·L^-1,276.4 mg·L^-1,7.00 mg·L^-1,1.71 mg·L^-1,1.51 mg·L^-1,and 0.61 mg·L^-1,respectively.Moreover,for the roof runoff,the particle-bound fraction was 20.8% for COD,12.3% for TN,and 49.7% for TP.For road runoff,the particle-bound fraction was 68.6% for COD,20.0% for TN,and 73.6% for TP.Nitrogen in roof runoff was predominantly dissolved（87.7%）,with ammonia（57.6%） and nitrate（22.5%）.Nitrogen in road runoff was also predominantly dissolved（80.0%）,with ammonia（42.1%） and nitrate（35.0%）.These findings can assist the development of effective source control strategies to immobilize dissolved and particulate-bound nitrogen/phosphorus in urban stormwater.

关 键 词：氮磷组成 城市地表径流 水质 源区监测 新建城区 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]