“坐社”与“作社”  

Gathering Community" and "Sitting Community

作　　者：张小艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学出土文献与古文字研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2012年第4期67-76,共10页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"敦煌社会经济文献语词考释"(08FYY005)

摘　　要：敦煌社邑文书中有大量通知社人参加春坐、秋坐、坐社局席活动的转帖。对于其中"坐"字的含义,学界主要有三种看法:一是讲经的"高座",二是座席的"座",三是用同"作社"的"作"。本文对敦煌吐鲁番文书、传世典籍以及现代民俗中"坐社"与"作社"的使用进行了调查,认为"坐"乃"团坐"的意思,"坐社"指社日团坐,"春坐、秋坐、坐社"局席分别指春社、秋社、社日团坐的饮宴;"作社"指举行聚会。"坐"与"作"只是读音相近,其意迥然不同。A lot of Dunhuang community documents were intended to notify community members to attend the activities such as spring sitting, autumn sitting, and sitting community. Scholars have three major opinions about the meaning of sitting （坐）： The first is that it represents the seat for elucidating the sutra; the second is that it is just a normal seat; and the third holds that it means ＂gathering.＂ A comprehensive study on the use of ＂Gathering Community＂ and ＂Sitting Community＂ among the unearthed documents and modern folklore cultures suggests that ＂sitting＂ means ＂sitting together＂ on a community gathering day. Spring sitting, autumn sitting, and gathering sitting mean the feasts held for spring memorial ceremonies; autumn memorial ceremonies, and other regular gathering days, respectively.

关 键 词：敦煌社邑文书 吐鲁番文书 春坐 秋坐 坐社 作社 

分 类 号：K870.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]