坡位对东灵山辽东栎林土壤微生物量的影响  

Effects of slope position on soil microbial biomass of Quercus liaotungensis forest in Dongling Mountain

作　　者：张地[1,2] 张育新[1] 曲来叶[1] 马克明[1] 戴斯迪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第20期6412-6421,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30900185);城市与区域国家重点实验室自主项目"区域生态系统服务的尺度效应与评价方法"(SKLURE2008-1-02)

摘　　要：土壤微生物量是陆地生态系统中的重要组成部分,在森林生态系统养分循环和能量转化中扮演着重要的角色。坡位作为重要的地形因子,会影响土壤微环境、土壤理化性质、地上植被的生长以及地下碳输入等,从而影响着土壤微生物量。以北京东灵山海拔1000—1800 m范围内分布的辽东栎林为研究对象,分析相同植被群落中坡位对土壤微生物量空间分布的影响。方差分析结果表明,土壤微生物量碳、氮在各坡位间均无显著差异(P>0.05),而土壤理化性质在各坡位间差异显著(P<0.05),其中,下坡位的土壤含水量、土壤有机碳、土壤全氮显著高于中坡位和上坡位。偏相关分析结果表明,土壤微生物量碳、氮与土壤含水量、土壤有机碳和土壤全氮显著正相关(P<0.05),与草本丰富度显著负相关(P<0.05)。进一步的通径分析结果表明,在上坡位和中坡位,土壤含水量和土壤有机碳是主要的影响因素;而在下坡位,草本丰富度对土壤微生物量的负作用凸显。不同坡位上影响因素的差异可能是导致土壤微生物量在不同坡位间无显著差异的原因。Soil microbial biomass is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem and plays an important role in the nutrient cycle and energy transformation in forest ecosystem.With its great sensitivity to the environmental conditions,the size of soil microbial biomass can be affected by a number of factors.As an important geographic factor,slope position can affect the soil microbial biomass by influencing soil microclimate,soil physical and chemical properties,vegetation growth and below-ground carbon input.Soil microbial biomass at slope scale has not been well studied as far as we know,and most of the previous studies of this topic chose a single mountain slope as study area,lacking of comparison among different slope positions in the entire distribution of one plant species.To address this question,we selected 10 west slopes along the altitudinal gradient of Quercus liaotungensis forest,with altitude ranging from 1000m to 1800m in Dongling Mountain of Beijing as our study area.A total of 357 soil samples were collected to compare the differences of soil microbial biomass on different slope positions,in which,120 samples belonged to top slope,138 samples belonged to middle slope and 99 belonged to bottom slope.Soil microbial biomass was measured using chloroform fumigation-extraction method.Soil and vegetation factors were also tested.Analysis of variance（ANOVA）,partial correlation analysis and path analysis were used to investigate the difference in soil microbial biomass on different slope positions and their influencing factors.ANOVA analysis showed that microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen from different slope positions were not significantly different（with P0.05）,while the soil properties showed significant differences（P0.05）： soil moisture,soil organic carbon and total soil nitrogen was significantly higher on bottom slopes than that on middle slopes and top slopes.Soil pH and herbal richness had no significant difference among slope positions（with P0.05）.Partial correlation analysis showed

关 键 词：坡位 辽东栎林 土壤微生物量 通径分析 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]