宪法上征收规范效力的前移——美国法的情形及其启示  

On the Validity of the Taking Clause's Preceding The Means in American Law and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：刘连泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院

出　　处：《法学家》2012年第5期164-175,180,共12页The Jurist

基　　金：2010年教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"宪法文本中的征收规范研究--以中国宪法第十三条第三款为中心"(课题编号:10YJA820063)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：一般情形下,政府宣布征收或者提起征收诉讼的时间是征收规范的效力启动时间。政府有时为了减少补偿或者不补偿,会用征收以外的其它方法达到征收目的,或者操控拟征收不动产的市场价值。此时,征收规范的效力应该前移,即政府宣布征收或者提起征收诉讼以前,征收规范的效力就已发生,如此有利于保护私有财产权。美国法通过判例发展出来的上述规则,对中国法有借鉴意义。Ordinarily,the validity of the taking clause is initiated when the government announces a taking or brings a taking lawsuit.In order to reduce the compensation costs,the government sometimes even refuses to pay,instead,achieves its goals by other ways except taking,or maliciously controls the market value of the proposed real estate.The validity of the taking clause is preceding,that is,the taking clause has become effective before the government announces a taking or brings a lawsuit.Those rules developed throughout typical cases in U.S.laws,are of enlightenment to laws in China.

关 键 词：征收 效力前移 土地用途管制 土地分区 征收迟延公共工程 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] D921