美国罚款制度及其启示  

The Civil Penalty System of America and Its Implication

作　　者：陈太清[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学法律系

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第5期115-121,共7页Journal of Anhui University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2011SJD820015);南京理工大学科研启动项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(NUST2012YBXM042)

摘　　要：美国罚款制度极具特色和代表性。在设置上,美国罚款主要由立法创制,采用弹性限额,实行按日计罚。在实施上,美国罚款以民事诉讼为主导方式,以和解作为争端解决的重要机制,以执法经费与私人奖励作为款项用途。美国法的上述设计与探索,对于消解我国当下罚款治理中的罚款设置优化、执罚权分配、争端处理、款项用途安排等问题,具有一定的参考与借鉴价值。The civil penalty system of America has evident characters in set - up and actualization. In set - up, the penalty rule is mainly made by the legislation department. The limitation of penalties is flexi- ble. Each day of continuing failure to comply with a rule is treated as a separate violation. In actualiza- tion, the penalty procedure is mainly triggered by civil action and negotiation becomes an important mechanism to resolve disputes accordingly. The fund can be used as expenses for public execution or per- sonal rewards. Above -mentioned designs and explorations are valuable reference for the governance of civil penalty system in China in such issues as set - up optimization, distribution of administrative rights for penalty, solution of disputes and arrangement for fund use.

关 键 词：罚款制度 罚款实施 款项用途 

分 类 号：DF34[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]