不同湿度和氨水平对肉仔鸡抗氧化性能及肉品质的影响  

The Effect of Ambient Relative Humidity and Ammonia on Antioxidant Capacity and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

作　　者：魏凤仙[1,2] 徐彬[2] 萨仁娜[3] 李绍钰[2] 刘福柱[1] 孙全友[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [2]河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,郑州450008 [3]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点试验室,北京100193

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2012年第10期1573-1581,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-42);河南省重点科技攻关项目(102102110017)

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨鸡舍内不同湿度和氨浓度对肉仔鸡机体抗氧化性能和肉品质的影响。试验选用健康、体质量相近的21日龄AA雄性肉仔鸡192只,随机分为2组。一组为高氨组(暴露于70mg·kg-1氨气,H),另一组是低氨组(暴露于30mg·kg-1氨气,L)。其中每一组的一半分别置于60%湿度(对照组,C),另一半置于35%湿度(处理组,T),这样组成4个试验组,对照1:60%湿度+30mg·kg-1氨水平组(C+L)、对照2:60%湿度+70mg·kg-1氨水平组(C+H)、处理1:35%湿度+30mg·kg-1氨水平组(T+L),以及处理2:35%湿度+70mg·kg-1氨水平组(T+H),试验期21d。试验结束时测定肉仔鸡生产性能,血液及肌肉抗氧化性能和肉品质相关指标。试验结果表明,高氨(70mg·kg-1)水平显著降低肉仔鸡结束体质量,平均日采食量,日增体质量,血液及肌肉中总抗氧化力及肉仔鸡宰后45min时的胸肌a*值(P<0.05);增加了胸肌存放5d时硫代巴比妥酸反应物水平(TBARS)含量,胸肌滴水损失率,宰后45min时的胸肌b*值(P<0.05)和L*值(P=0.054)及肌肉剪切力(P=0.075)。低湿(35%相对湿度)处理降低了肉仔鸡试验结束体质量(P<0.05),平均日采食量(P<0.05)及平均日增体质量(P=0.072),胸肌中超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.05)及宰后45min时的胸肌L*值(P=0.053);增加了肌肉剪切力(P=0.057)和胸肌存放5及7d时的TBARS含量(P<0.05)。与低氨对照组(C+L)相比,高氨低湿组处理组(T+H)肉仔鸡的试验结束体质量、平均日采食量、平均日增体质量、血清总抗氧化力、胸肌中总超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性,胸肌宰后45min a*值均显著降低(P<0.05),而宰后5及7d肌肉中TBARS含量、肌肉中滴水损失及肌肉剪切力均显著提高(P<0.05)。本研究结果揭示肉仔鸡舍内高氨(70mg·kg-1)及低湿度均显著降低了肉仔鸡生产性能、机体抗氧化能力及肌肉品质,且低湿度环境加剧了高氨的不良影响。The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of ambient ammonia and humidity on antioxidant capacity and meat quality of broiler chickens. One hundred and ninety- two 21-day-old AA male broiler chicks were randomly allotted to two equal groups exposed to a high ambient ammonia （70 mg · kg^-1 , H） and a low ambient ammonia （30 mg · kg^-1 , L）. Half of the broilers from each group were treated with relative humidity 60% （Control, C） and 35%（Treatment, T）. Thus, four treatment groups named C＋L, C＋H, T＋L and Tq-H, respec- tively. Growth performance of birds was recorded from 21 d to 42 d~ The antioxidant capacity of blood and meat, meat quality were also determined. The results showed that average final BW, ADG, ADFI, T-AOC of blood and pectoralis muscle, and a^＊ value in pectoralis muscle at post- mortem 45 rain were significantly lower （P〈0.05）, while TBARS at postmortem 5 days, drip loss ratio, b＊ value （P〈0.05） and L^＊ value （P=0. 054） at postmortem 45 min and shear force of pectoralis muscle（P=0. 075） were increased when birds exposed to high level of ambient am- monia（70 mg. kg-1） . Average final BW, ADFI （P〈0.05）, and ADG （P=0. 072） as well as activity of SOD and GSH-Px in pectoralis muscle （P〈0.05） and L＊ value 45 min after slaughtering （P=0. 053） were declined,while TBARS at postmortem 5 and 7 days and shear force of pectoralis muscle（P=0. 057） were increased when birds exposed to low RH （35%） . Compared with C＋ L, the average final BW, ADG, ADFI, T-AOC of blood, activity of SOD and GSH-Px in pecto- ralis muscle, a＊ value at postmortem 45 min were significantly lower （P〈0.05）, while TBARS at postmortem 5 and 7 days, drip loss ratio and shear force of pectoralis muscle were increased （P〈0.05） when birds exposed to Tq-H. The results of this research suggested that high level of ammonia and low relative humidity in poultry house had adversely effects on growth perform- ance, antioxidant capacity an

关 键 词：氨 相对湿度 抗氧化机能 肉品质 肉仔鸡 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]