逆作法通道式土方开挖工艺及其应用  

Channel-Type Technique of Earthwork for Top-down Excavation and Its Application

作　　者：徐安军 

机构地区：[1]上海市基础工程有限公司,上海200003

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报》2012年第10期1558-1562,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University

基　　金：上海市科委重大科技攻关资助项目(10231200800)

摘　　要：针对狭长形逆作基坑中土方开挖与支撑施工的作业面冲突,提出了逆作法通道式土方开挖工艺.该工艺首先在基坑中部挖土形成纵向作业通道,再从远离出土口一侧快速分段挖除留土,同时跟进支撑制作养护.与传统挖土工艺相比,通道式土方开挖工艺不仅可以提高施工效率、缩短工期,还可通过增加留土宽度以减小支护结构变形,降低基坑开挖对环境的影响.该工艺成功应用于上海西站15号线地铁车站地下二、三层基坑工程.结果表明:采用该方法施工可以将支护结构变形控制在允许范围内;与正常分段推进式挖土工艺相比,该工艺可以提高工效40%.A channel-type technique of earthwork was presented to resolve the conflict between the earthworks and struts construction in top-down excavations.In the new construction method,a working channel is cut in the middle of the excavation area at first.The remained soil on both sides of channel is quickly excavated in segmentation and transported through the channel.The strut system is constructed at the same time.Comparing to traditional excavation technology,the new method can not only promote the working efficiency and shorten construction time,but also reduce the deformation of retaining structures and surrounding environment.It is successfully applied in Shanghai West Railway Station project of Metro line #15.The deformation of diaphragm is controlled within permitted value,and the efficiency of construction is improved about 40% comparing to traditional method.

关 键 词：通道式施工 挖土工艺 逆作法 深基坑 施工效率 

分 类 号：TU47[建筑科学—结构工程]