青岛市肾综合征出血热监测点疫情流行趋势分析  

Analysis of epidemiological trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in its present surveillance sites in Qingdao

作　　者：邱波[1] 张名广[2] 于式德[3] 赵国有[1] 弋英[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,山东青岛266033 [2]胶州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]胶南市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2012年第5期464-466,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：青岛市科技发展计划项目(07-2-l-14-nsh)~~

摘　　要：目的掌握青岛市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)监测点HFRS流行趋势,指导防控工作。方法 HFRS病例监测通过传染病报告系统进行;宿主动物监测采用夹夜法,鼠肺中汉坦病毒抗原检测采用间接免疫荧光法;用描述流行病学方法对历年资料进行分析。结果首例HFRS病例出现在2010年,胶南、胶州和平度市HFRS年平均发病率分别为16.52/10万、12.00/10万和8.35/10万,病死率分别为6.44%、4.48%和2.96%;每年发病都出现明显的秋冬季高峰,秋冬季发病是春夏季的2.51倍,男女之比为2.88:1,农民发病占83.04%,30～60岁年龄组占78.09%;居民区宿主动物密度为1.15%,主要鼠种为小家鼠和褐家鼠,分别占45.41%和35.51%;野外密度为0.82%,主要鼠种为黑家鼠和褐家鼠,分别占35.02%和33.42%;宿主动物带病毒率为1.84%。结论 3个监测点HFRS发病几乎同步经过了初期、第1次高峰期、平稳期、第2次高峰期和缓慢下降期,疫区已由发病初期的姬鼠型演变为以姬鼠型为主的混合型。Objective To investigate the trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in its surveillance sites in Qingdao for guiding prevention and control. Methods Case surveillance was conducted through national infectious disease report system. Trap-night method was used for reservoir host surveillance. Hantavirus antigens in lungs of reservoir hosts were identified with indirect immunofluorescence assay. All data over the years were analyzed with descriptive epidemiologic method. Results From the year of first emergence to 2010, the average incidence rates of HFRS in Jiaonan, Jiaozhou and Pingdu were 16.52/105, 12.00/105 and 8.35/105 and death rates were 6.44%, 4.48% and 2.96%, respectively. Autumn-winter seasonal peak was obvious annually. Of all cases the number of cases in autumn and winter was 2.51 times as much as those in spring and summer, the ratio of male to female was 2.88 ： 1. Farmers accounted for 83.04%. 78.09% was 30-60 years old. In residential areas the rodent density was 1.15% and the main species were Mus musculus （45.41%） and Rattus norvegicus （35.51%）. In fields the density was 0.82% and the main species were R. rattus （35.02%） and R. norvegicus （33.42%）. The Hantavirus antigen-carrying rate of hosts was 1.84%. Conclusion Since the first case the epidemic processes of HFRS in 3 surveillance sites in Qingdao had nearly concurrently gone through the early, the first peak, the steady, the second peak and the slow decline stages. The focuses had changed from the Apodemus type in the early stage to the presently mixed type in which Apodemus type was predominate.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 流行趋势 汉坦病毒 监测点 

分 类 号：R373.32[医药卫生—病原生物学]