基于投入产出分析的中国城乡居民虚拟水消费研究  

Input-Output Analysis of Urban and Country Denizen Virtual Water Consumption in China

作　　者：雷玉桃 蒋璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学经济与贸易学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《生态经济》2012年第11期78-81,共4页Ecological Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(10YJC790123);广东省软科学研究项目(2011B070300081)

摘　　要：在引入虚拟水概念和水资源投入产出模型的基础上,计算得出中国2002年、2005年、2007年三年的各行业城乡居民虚拟水消费量,对城乡居民虚拟水消费量的趋势发展及2007年城乡居民虚拟水消费的结构和合理性进行了分析。得出以下结论:①城乡居民的虚拟水消费无论从总量还是人均量来看,都是处于一个逐年递降的好势头,但其消费结构仍存在不合理性,导致出现较少的最终需求和较大的虚拟水消费的局面。②无论从总量还是人均量来看,城镇居民的虚拟水消费量都远远大于农村居民的消费量。尽管城镇人口在增加,但只要保持人均消费量较大幅度下降的趋势,城镇居民的虚拟水消费量总量也可以得到很好的控制。③城乡居民虚拟水消费中耗水量大的农业和轻工业所占比例大,重工业和服务业耗水少的行业所占比例小。从合理性出发,应增加重工业、服务业在最终需求中的比例,积极开发农业的节水技术,从而减少经济中的水资源消耗量。On the basis of virtual water and water resource input-output model, we calculated the virtual water consumption of urban and country denizen among 17 industries of China in the year of 2002, 2005 and 2007. We also analyzed the developmental trend of the virtual water consumption as well as the structure and rationality of the virtual water consumption in 2007. This study has main results as follows： （1） The total quantity and the average quantity of the urban and country denizen virtual water consumption shows declined year by year, but the structure of the consumption is irrationality, so it led to the situation of higher virtual water consumption with lower final demand. （2） The urban denizen virtual water consumption is much larger than the country denizen virtual water consumption in the three years. No matter the growing of the population, we can control the quantity of urban denizen virtual water consumption by the great decline of the average consumption. （3） Agriculture and light industry has higher water use rate and account for a larger proportion in the urban and country denizen virtual water consumption. Heavy industry and service has lower water use rate and account for a less proportion in the urban and country denizen Virtual water consumption. On one hand, we should add the proportion of heavy industry and service in the final demand. On the other hand, we should explore water-save technology in agriculture actively to reduce the water consumption in the economy.

关 键 词：虚拟水 农村虚拟水消费 城镇虚拟水消费 投入产出分析 

分 类 号：F126.1[经济管理—世界经济] TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]