氮素形态对凤红桃植株生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on the Tree Growth, Yield and Quality of Fenghong Peach

作　　者：周天华[1] 

机构地区：[1]菏泽学院园林工程系,山东菏泽274000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2012年第9期108-112,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

摘　　要：为了优化肥料配比,提高桃树产量和品质,以黄河冲积平原地区桃树中早熟品种凤红为试材,研究铵态氮和硝态氮两种形态氮素对桃园土壤pH、桃树生长、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明,施用铵态氮肥降低土壤的pH;各种氮肥处理均增加桃树的叶面积和新梢生长,促进叶绿素含量和硝酸还原酶活性的提高,从而增加果实产量和改善品质,以m(铵态氮)∶m(硝态氮)为2∶1配施效果最好,株产量和单果质量分别达31.8kg和236g,比对照分别增加43.9%和19.2%。合理配施不同形态氮素有助于高产稳产果园的建立。In order to optimize the fertilizer ratio and improve peach yield and quality,experiments were conducted with a middle early maturing variety of Fenghong peach in Yellow River alluvial plain area,to study the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen effects on soil pH of peach orchard,growth of peach tree,as well as the fruits yield and quality.The results indicated that the ammonium nitrogen reduced the soil pH.All the nitrogen treatments increased the growth of leaf area and shoot,improved chlorophyll content and raised the nitrate reductase activity,also increased the fruits yield and quality.The use of 2∶1 ratio of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen was demonstrated to give the best effect of fertilization.The single plant yield and single fruit mass are 31.8 kg and 236 g,increased by 43.9% and 19.2%,respectively,compared with the control.Consequently,reasonable fertilization of different forms of nitrogen contributes to the establishment of high and stable yield orchard.

关 键 词：铵态氮 硝态氮 桃树 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]