电动公交充换电站的优化运行研究  

Research on Optimal Operation of Battery Swapping and Charging Station for Electric Buses

作　　者：阳岳希[1] 胡泽春[1] 宋永华[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2012年第31期35-42,216,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重大项目(2012AA050211)~~

摘　　要：公交车充换电站的优化运行涉及公交运营、电池更换和电池充电等多个方面。考虑公交车的运行规律和耗电特性等因素,定量分析了车辆的日换电需求,并基于均衡使用电池和有利于电池充电的原则,推导了电池优化更换的顺序。以充电成本最小为首要目标,综合考虑平滑充电负荷曲线,分别建立了两阶段和双目标优化充电模型。对优化充电的起始时间、备用电池数量等因素对优化结果的影响进行了分析。算例仿真结果表明,该方法可有效降低充电成本和充电负荷对电网的影响。The optimal operation of battery swapping and charging station for electric bus involves many processes, such as bus service, battery swapping, battery charging, and so on. The daily battery swapping demand was quantitatively analyzed based on factors including the operating pattern and electricity consumption characteristics of electric buses. The optimal battery swapping order was determined for equal battery usage and charging convenience. A two-stage and a bi-objective mathematic optimization models for battery recharging with minimize charging cost as the primary objective were established, and the smoothing of the charging load curve was also considered. Other factors that have influences on optimal charging schedule such as the starting time, reserved battery number for uncertainties were analyzed. Case study results show that the proposed method can reduce daily charging cost substantially and mitigate the impacts of charging load on the grid.

关 键 词：电动公交车 换电模式 电池更换需求 优化充电 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]