染污方法对瓷绝缘子直流污闪特性的影响  

Influence of Pollution Manners on DC Pollution Flashover Characteristics of Porcelain Insulators

作　　者：宋磊[1] 张福增 梁曦东[1] 李锐海 王国利 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510623

出　　处：《高电压技术》2012年第10期2542-2548,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：特高压工程技术(昆明;广州)国家工程实验室开放基金~~

摘　　要：在人工污秽试验中,IEC标准推荐了几种染污方法,但未给出不同方法试验结果差异的相关说明。为此,采用大吨位瓷绝缘子XZP-300为试品,研究了定量涂刷法、浸污法2种染污方法获得的瓷绝缘子试品在不同盐密条件下的直流污闪特性,比较了2种染污方法试验结果的概率分布特性,同时分析了2种试验方法试验结果的差异,并基于污闪平板模型从原理上解释了差异的原因。结果表明,定量涂刷法和浸污法的试验结果均近似呈正态分布,可以采用2种方法均值计算50%耐受电压;定量涂刷法获得的污闪电压高出浸污法的污闪电压约2%～6%;通过基于平板模型的公式推导可证明,均匀染污表面的污闪电压低于不均匀染污表面的,由于浸污法染污绝缘子表面盐密分布比定量涂刷法的更均匀,因此浸污法的污闪电压低于定量涂刷法的。The IEC recommended some different artificial contamination methods to investigate the pollution flashover characteristic,but no difference between the methonds was described.Thus,to investigate the difference,taking an XZP-300 porcelain insulator as a test sample,we experimentally studied the pollution flashover characteristic and frequency distribution of different pollution manners,and analyzed the reasons of the difference between the pollution flashover voltages obtained by different pollution manners based on Obenaus model.The results show that the test results obtained by different pollution manners are approximately normally distributed.The 50% withstand voltage can be calculated by the average value of the two methods.Meanwhile,the pollution flashover voltage obtained by the brushing method is about 2%~6% higher than that obtained by the dipping method.The reason is that the equivalent salt deposit density（ESDD） of contaminated insulator surface of the dipping method is more uniform and the flashover voltage of uniformly contaminated surface is higher than that of uneven-contaminated surface which can be proved by basic formulas of the Obenaus model.

关 键 词：瓷绝缘子 染污方法 人工污闪试验 闪络特性 直流污闪特性 盐密(ESDD) 灰密(NSDD) 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]