脑神经元死亡的研究进展  

Research progress in death mechanisms of neurons

作　　者：黄菊芳[1] 李岚[1] 尚蕾[1] 熊鲲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医学院人体解剖与神经生物学系,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2012年第25期53-58,共6页China Journal of Modern Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No:81070729);中南大学研究生学位论文创新基金(No:2011ssxt106;No:2010ssxt258);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(No:20100162110067)

摘　　要：脑神经元的死亡是诸如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等许多中枢神经系统疾病不可避免的一个过程。因此,对脑神经元死亡机制的探讨成为许多中枢神经系统疾病诊治的一条重要途径。一直以来,脑神经元的死亡被认为有凋亡、自噬以及坏死三种死亡途径,凋亡与自噬被认为是一种程序性的死亡途径,而坏死则被认为是一种非程序性的死亡途径,近年来,在探讨脑神经元死亡机制的过程中又有了许多有意义的发现,一种名为necroptosi(s以下称为程序性坏死)的神经元死亡方式渐渐被人们所认知,在此,将对脑神经元的死亡机制最新进展做一综述。Neuronal cell death is a major feature of various diseases,including Alzheimer＇s,Parkinson＇s diseases.Elucidation of the precise neurodegenerative mechanisms is essential for development of diagnosis and remedy for these central nervous system diseases.The molecular cascades of the neuronal cell death are diverse,and have been categorized into three main types,apoptosis,autophagy or necrosis.Historically,both apoptosis and autophagy have been regarded as forms of regulated cell death,necrosis is considered to be unregulated pathway.But during the last decade,it became clear that necrosis is also a well-orchestrated form of cell demise,being as well programmed as apoptosis.In this review,the latest advancement of the death mechanisms in neurons was summarized.

关 键 词：脑神经元 凋亡 自噬 坏死 程序性坏死 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]