基于时频分析及阶比跟踪的曲轴轴承故障诊断研究  

Fault diagnose of an engine's main bearing based on time-frequency analysis and order tracking

作　　者：程利军[1] 张英堂[1] 李志宁[1] 任国全[1] 梅检民[1] 

机构地区：[1]军械工程学院火炮工程系,石家庄050003

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2012年第19期73-78,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E20007001048);军内科研计划项目

摘　　要：针对发动机曲轴轴承磨损故障诊断中测取的机体振动信号非平稳、频率成分随转速变化的规律不明确等特点,将时频分析及阶比跟踪算法应用于故障诊断中。在匀速及加速工况下分别将曲轴轴承间隙调节为0.08 mm、0.2mm及0.4 mm后采集机体振动信号,结合同步采集的转速信号及外卡油压信号对振动信号进行时频分析和阶比跟踪后发现,振动信号存在明显的108阶比成分和2 600～3 100 Hz频带成分。随着曲轴轴承间隙的增大,108阶比成分有增强的趋势,而2600～3100Hz频带成分有减弱的趋势。对加速工况下上述两部分信号成分提取参数发现,曲轴轴承正常、轻微及严重磨损工况的参数分别分布在0.002 7、0.010 0及0.035 0附近,提取的参数能有效的区分出这些工况。In an engine＇s main bearing fault diagnose, the vibration signal is nonstationary and the law of frequency changing with rotating speed is not clear. So the time-frequency analysis and order tracking were put forward to diagnose its fault. Under acceleration and 1800r/rain uniform speed conditions, after setting the bearing clearance of 0.08, 0.2 and 0.4mm, the vibration signal＇s time-frequency distribution and order were analyzed combined with speed and oil pressure signals, the 108 order component and 2600 -3100Hz frequency components were found in the vibration signal. Under acceleration condition, with increase in the main bearing clearance, the 108 order component rose and the 2600 3100Hz frequency components weakened. After getting parameters of these two parts of signal components under acceleration condition, it was found that the parameters for the main bearing＇s normal, gentle and serious wear conditions distribute near 0. 0027, 0. 0100 and 0. 0350, respectively, the parameters extracted can efficiently distinguish between these conditions.

关 键 词：内燃机 故障诊断 GABOR变换 阶比跟踪 磨损 轴承 

分 类 号：TK428[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]