油包水型乳化压裂液配方研究及性能评价  

Formulation of Water-in-oil Type Emulsified Fracturing Fluid and its Performance Evaluation

作　　者：李树刚 魏振吉[2] 孙中磊 李波 

机构地区：[1]中海油能源发展油建渤海工程分公司,天津300452 [2]中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司,北京100095 [3]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司国际工程公司,四川成都610051

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2012年第5期63-67,109,共5页Natural Gas and Oil

摘　　要：从实验筛选配制油包水乳化压裂液所需的乳化剂、稠化剂、破乳剂等添加剂,以及添加量的确定,得出一种油包水乳化压裂液配方为14%柴油+1.6%乳化剂+0.22%水增稠剂+2.5%KCl+水+0.2%破乳剂,体系pH值为10,油水体积比为14∶86。对配方乳化压裂液的耐温性能、耐温耐剪切性能、流变性能、滤失性以及地层伤害率进行评价。实验证明配方的流变性能满足压裂液对液体的要求,滤失量较小,具有一定的抗剪切性能,可明显降低压裂液对地层的伤害。在90℃,170 s-1下剪切60 min后,压裂液的表观粘度仍大于200 mPa.s。该压裂液可代替一般油基冻胶压裂液应用于强水敏、低压油藏的压裂改造。Such additives are added as emulsifier,thickening agent and demulsifier for testing,screening and preparing water-in-oil emulsified fracturing fluid and volume of their addition shall be determined in order to achieve such a formula of water-in-oil emulsified fracturing fluid:14 % diesel oil + 1.6 % emulsifier + 0.22 % water thickener water +2.5 % KCl + 0.2 % demulsifier,with pH value of 10 and oil-water volume ratio of 14:86. Evaluated are heat resistance,heat and shear resistance properties,rheological properties and filtration rate and formation damage rate of the emulsified fracturing fluid prepared by using the formula. Experimental results show that the rheological properties of formula meet requirements of fracturing fluid,filtration volume is low,has some shear resistance,can significantly reduce the formation damage resulting in fracturing fluid. Apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid is still more than 200m Pa·s after 60min shearing in 90℃ and 170s-1 condition. The fracturing fluid can replace normal oil-based gel fracturing fluid and be applied in high water sensitivity and low pressure reservoir fracturing reconstruction.

关 键 词：乳化压裂液 油包水乳液 乳化剂 性能评价 

分 类 号：TE357.12[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]