全生育期耐盐恢复系在正常灌溉条件下性状表现及耐盐杂交稻的选育  

Performance of Restorer Lines with Salt Tolerance in Whole Growth Period under Normal Irrigated Condition and Development of Hybrid Rice with Salt Tolerance

作　　者：章禄标[1,2] 潘晓飚 张建[2] 陈凯[2] 张强[2] 徐建龙[2] 潘学彪[1] 黎志康[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学,江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,北京100081 [3]浙江省台州市农业科学研究院作物研究所,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《作物学报》2012年第10期1782-1790,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划)项目[2011-G2B(2)];国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA101101)资助

摘　　要：利用前期以明恢86为轮回亲本与全球水稻分子育种计划的4个供体亲本(Gayabyeo、沈农265、早籼14和Y134)杂交构建的高代回交导入群体,在浙江省三门县沿海滩涂采用0.5%盐浓度的海水全生育期灌溉,筛选出150个耐盐恢复系,考察了耐盐恢复系在正常灌溉条件下的性状分离及与2个三系不育系测交种的优势表现。结果表明,耐盐恢复系在正常灌溉条件下的产量及其相关性状出现明显的分离,性状分离的类型及特点因选择群体和性状本身不同而异,从中选育出30个单株产量和耐盐性显著好于轮回亲本明恢86的株系,这些株系大多表现穗长缩短,株高和千粒重下降,但单株有效穗和结实率显著增加,导致产量的显著提高。4个组合的耐盐恢复系群体与2个三系不育系(Ⅱ-32A和川 345A)测交种的性状分离明显,与明恢86和2个三系不育系的测交种相比,多数测交种表现穗长缩短,株高降低,单株有效穗数相仿,但与Ⅱ-32A测交的杂种千粒重显著增加,杂种表现趋势与耐盐恢复系本身不完全相同。分别鉴定出22个和23个耐盐恢复系,其与2个不育系测交的杂种产量显著高于明恢86与相应不育系的测交种,表现出较强的杂种优势,其中比生产对照种汕优10号显著或极显著增产的测交组合分别有7个(Ⅱ-32A为母本)和4个(川 345A 为母本)。研究表明,利用优良恢复系的回交导入后代在大田盐胁迫条件下筛选耐盐单株,结合耐盐后代在正常灌溉条件下产量及相关性状的鉴定筛选,可以有效地改良恢复系的耐盐性,并选育出耐盐性提高的强优势组合。Four introgression line populations derived from the recurrent parent Minghui 86 and four donor parents （Gayabyeo, Shennong 265, Zaoxian 14, and Y134） were screened and evaluated for salt tolerance （ST） under the stress of 0.5% salt concentration over the whole growth stages in Sanmen County of Zhejiang Province. A total of 150 restorer lines with ST were selected. These 150 restorer lines with ST and their test-crossing hybrids with cytoplastic male sterile lines Ⅱ-32A and Chuan 345A were investigated for grain yield and its related agronomic traits under normal irrigated condition. Segregations presented in yield and its related traits among those lines, showing various types with different populations and traits. Thirty promising restorer lines with significantly higher yield and ST were selected. Most of them showed decreases in panicle length （PL）, plant height （PH）,and thousand-grain weight （TGW）, but significant increases in panicle number per plant （PNP） and seed setting rate （SSR）, thus resulting in significantly higher yield. As compared with hybrids crossed between Minghui 86 and the two sterile lines, test-crossing populations derived from the crosses between the restorer lines with ST and the two sterile lines showed reduces PL and PH, similar PNP, but significantly increased TGW when tested with Ⅱ-32A, indicating there were partial differences in trait performance between salt-tolerant restorer lines and their hybrids. Twenty-two and 23 hybrid combinations showed stronger heterosis as compared with the hybrids derived from Minghui 86 and the two corresponding sterile lines. Among them, seven （from Ⅱ-32A） and four （from Chuan 345A） hybrids significantly surpassed the commercial check combination Shanyou 10 in yield. It was indicated that ST screening in the field under salt stress combined with selections of yield and its related traits in normal irrigated condition for introgression line populations with an elite restorer background will efficiently improve

关 键 词：水稻 耐盐性 测交种 恢复系 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]