细胞分裂素对甘蓝型油菜种皮色泽形成的影响  

Effect of Cytokinins on Formation of Seed Coat Color in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus)

作　　者：万华方[1] 卢东[1] 梁颖[1] 孙夫军[1] 李加纳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,南方山地农业教育部工程研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《作物学报》2012年第10期1900-1907,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA8B01,2010BAD01B08);国家自然科学基金项目(31171177);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2010C082)资助

摘　　要：以3对遗传背景相同的甘蓝型黄籽和黑籽油菜为材料,研究甘蓝型油菜种子发育过程中內源细胞分裂素（ZR）、各种色素、色素合成相关酶活性的动态变化及其相互关系,并以外源细胞分裂素类物质（6-BA）加以验证,结果表明,相同遗传背景下的黄籽油菜种子的ZR含量较黑籽油菜高,花后27d比黑籽高4~5倍;在甘蓝型黄籽油菜种子发育前期（27d阶段）种子中细胞分裂素含量越高其成熟种子色泽就越浅;种子的ZR含量与种皮中类黄酮、花色素、黑色素含量显著负相关,与多酚含量显著正相关,与酪氨酸酶显著负相关,与苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶无显著相关;施用外源细胞分裂素6-BA（50mgL–1）可显著提高黄籽油菜黄籽度,明显降低甘蓝型油菜种皮中黑色素、花色素、类黄酮含量,对黑籽种皮的多酚含量无显著影响,但可增加黄籽种皮多酚含量;6-BA处理可降低油菜种皮中酪氨酸酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性,对多酚氧化酶活性无显著影响。表明细胞分裂素可减缓甘蓝型油菜种皮各色素合成,从而影响黄籽油菜色泽;该过程可能是通过调控色素合成的相关酶活性来实现的。The seed color of yellow-seeded rape is closely related to seed maturity and plant hormone plays an important role in the regulation of seed maturity. This paper mainly focuses on the relationship between the cytokinin and the seed coat color of oilseed rape. Three pairs of rape seeds with the same genetics background but different seed coat colors （yellow-seeded and black-seeded oil seed） were used to determine the dynamics of endogenous cytokinin （ZR）, pigments and the activities of enzymes, as well as the aforementioned indices under the treatment with 6-BA. The results showed that the content of ZR in yellow-seeded rape was 4–5 times higher than that in black-seeded one at 27 days after flowering,which was coupled with the less color of the rape seed; the content of ZR was negatively correlated with that of flavonoids, anthocyanin and melanin, and significantly positively correlated with polyphenols. Furthermore, it was significantly negatively correlated with tyrosinase activity, and not with the activity of phenylalnine ammonialyase or polyphenoloxidase; exogenous cytokinin （6-BA, 50 mg L-1 ） improved the color degree of the yellow seeds, and induced the decrease of the contents of melanin, anthocyanidin in seeds, it had no obvious effect on the black-seeded ones, but it increased the polyphenols content in the yellow seeds; the application of 6-BA decreased the activities of tyrosinase （TYR） and phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）. However, the activity of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） was not changed. Therefore, we concluded that cytokinin may significantly influence the seed coat color, and delay the pigment synthesis in the seed coat of yellow seeds through regulating the activities of enzymes involved in the pigment synthesis.

关 键 词：油菜 种皮色泽 细胞分裂素 色素 6-BA 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]