1535株非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布和耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of 1535 nonfermenters strains

作　　者：黎村艳[1] 曹友德[1] 蔡瑞云[1] 李浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院检验科,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2012年第9期1096-1098,共3页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：湖南省人民医院仁术基金项目(No.201158)

摘　　要：目的了解非发酵革兰阴性杆菌在湖南省人民医院的临床分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用常规方法进行细菌培养,使用ATB Expression全自动细菌鉴定分析仪和配套的鉴定和药敏板鉴定菌种盒进行药敏试验,部分抗生素采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果2011年5月至2012年3月共分离出非发酵菌1 535株,依次为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌,分别占42.8%、32.5%、8.6%。各种临床标本中以痰液标本的检出率最高(72.4%)。药敏结果显示,分离的非发酵菌对所监测的抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药。ICU病房分离的非发酵菌的耐药率高于普通病房(P<0.05)。结论铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌为医院感染的主要非发酵革兰阴性杆菌,对抗菌药物的耐药性广泛,各种细菌之间耐药性差异较大,应加强病原学检测及药敏试验,以减少细菌耐药性产生。Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of nonfermenters in order to guide clini cal use of antibiotics.Methods The conventional methods were used for bacterial culture.ATB Expression bacteria identifica tion system was used to identify the bacteria and for antibiotics susceptibility test.Results A total of 1 535 nonfermenters strains were obtained from a variety of specimens during May 2011 to Mar 2012.Pseudomonas aeruginosa was on the top ac counted for 42.8%,,followed by Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 32.5% and Stenotrophomonas mahophilia accounted for 8.6%.The isolation rate of nonfermenters was the highest from respiratory tract specimens（72.4%）.These bacteria showed var ied resistances to all detected antibiotics.Antibiotics resistance of nonfermenters isolatied from ICU were higher than those from public ward（P0.05）.Conclusions Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas aeromon as are the main nonfermenters causing hospital infection.The clinical pathogen detection and monitoring of drug resistance should be strengthened because of the variety of their drug resistance.The rational drug use should be adopted according to the drug susceptibility test.

关 键 词：革兰氏阴性菌 非发酵菌 耐药率 感染 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]