大豆植株苗期至结荚初期对肥料氮的吸收与分配  

FERTILIZER N ABSORPTION AND DISTRIBUTION BY SOYBEAN FROM SEEDLING TO POD BEGINNING

作　　者：金喜军[1,2] 龚振平[1] 马春梅[1] 姚玉波[1] 邸伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学植物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《核农学报》2012年第5期809-814,837,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD21B01);黑龙江省科技计划项目(GA09B104-1)

摘　　要：采用砂培与15N分阶段标记的方法,研究了苗期至结荚初期大豆植株对氮素的同化吸收,尤其是肥料氮在不同器官和节中的积累与分配。结果表明:(1)苗期至结荚初期大豆植株氮素积累量逐渐增加,由标记试验Ⅰ的64.08g/plant逐渐增加到标记试验Ⅴ的307.17mg/plant;(2)不同器官中肥料氮积累存在差异,叶是苗期至结荚初期肥料氮积累的主要器官,所占比例为55.2%,根系次之为25.9%,茎最小为18.9%;(3)苗期至结荚初期肥料氮积累量和所占比例逐渐减小,而根瘤固氮则逐渐增加,其中苗期至盛花期肥料氮是大豆植株氮素主要来源,盛花期以后以根瘤固氮为主;(4)不同成长程度叶对肥料氮的积累存在差异,表现为成长中叶>新生叶>成熟叶;(5)新生茎叶氮素构成随全株氮素构成的变化而变化,苗期至初花期以肥料氮为主,初花期至结荚初期根瘤固氮逐渐转为主体。The nitrogen assimilation and absorption by the soybean plant,especially the distribution of fertilizer N among different organs and nodes were studied during the period from seedling to pod beginning by using sand culture and staged 15N labeling method.Results were as follows：（1） total nitrogen accumulation during the five labeling experiments increased from 64.08mg/plant in labeling experimentⅠto 307.17mg/plant in labeling experiment Ⅴ.（2） Fertilizer N accumulation in different organs exhibited different proportions during the period from seedling to pod beginning,with the highest in leaves（55.2%）,25.9% in roots and 18.9% in stems.（3） The accumulation and proportion of nodulations N increased gradually during the period from seedling to beginning,however for fertilizer N it was contrary,the soybean plant depended mainly on fertilizer-N before full bloom and then nodulations N during the period from full bloom to pod beginning.（4） Fertilizer N accumulation in leaves at different growing stages followed the order of growing leavesnewborn leavesmature leaves.（5）Nitrogen composition of newborn leaves changed with that in total plant： fertilizer N was the primary nitrogen source from seedling to bloom beginning,and nodulations N was the primary nitrogen source from bloom beginning to pod beginning

关 键 词：大豆 苗期 结荚初期 肥料氮 根瘤氮 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]