广州市牲畜交易市场从业人员布鲁氏菌感染现状及危险因素调查  

Investigation on brucella infection and risk factors of livestock market employees in Guangzhou

作　　者：陈英安 高春霖[1] 吴石均 周勇[1] 叶双岚[1] 李小向 

机构地区：[1]广州市白云区疾病预防控制中心,广东510083

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2012年第11期1248-1251,1255,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的对广州市牲畜交易市场从业人员开展布鲁氏菌感染现状调查,分析危险因素,为进一步制订科学防治策略提供依据。方法对该市场入职时间半年及以上的所有从业人员进行血清学检测和行为问卷调查。结果我市牲畜交易市场总调查对象中,布鲁氏菌感染者40人,未感染者286人,感染率为12.27%。男性和女性感染率的差异有统计学意义(P=0.047),感染组中男性从业人员比例更高。职业人群工作接触年限在布病感染上的分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),其中职业接触年限在1～2年组的感染率最高,为29.41%;依据年龄和工种分组,布鲁氏菌感染与非感染的频率分布上差异无统计学意义。经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,得出4个危险因素:贩卖屠宰加工皮张(OR=2.946)、工作时不使用手套(OR=4.326)、在家里自己加工羊蹄羊头和收拾内脏等(OR=4.278)、接触流产牲畜(OR=8.621)。结论我市牲畜交易市场从业人员布鲁氏菌感染率为12.27%,有上升趋势。男性从业人员(14.10%)感染率高于女性从业者(7.61%)。接触牲畜流产物、工作中不使用手套、在家里自己加工羊蹄羊头及贩卖屠宰加工皮张,均为布鲁氏菌感染的危险因素。其中接触牲畜的流产物感染风险最高。应加强从业人员布病预防知识的宣传教育,做好自我防护。Objective To investigate the bruceUosis infection among hvestock market employees in Guangzhou, analyze the risk factors, and provide basis for further formulation of control strategy. Method Do serological test and questionnaire survey on all the employees working in this industry for more than half of year. Results Among all the respondents, 40 were infected with brucellosis and 286 were not infected, with the infection rate of 12.27%. The difference of infection rate between male and female had statistical significance （P = 0. 047） . Male employees accounted for a higher proportion among the infected patients. The difference of in- fection rate between workers with different working years had statistical significance （P = O. 002）, of which, employees with 1 or 2 years＇working experience had the highest infection rate （29.41%） . By ages and occu- pations, the diference of frequency distribution between brucella infection and non - infection had no statistical significance. Through multi -factor non -conditional logistic regression analysis, four risk factors were ob- tained, namely, selling, slaughtering and processing skins （ OR = 2. 946）, working without gloves （ OR = 4. 326）, processing sheep hooves, heads and viscera in their home （OR =4. 278） and contacting the apoble- ma of livestock （ OR = 8.621 ） . Conclusions The infection rate of brucella among livestock market employees was 12.27%, and presented an increasing trend. Male （ 14. 10% ） had a higher infection rate than female （7.61% ） . The risk factors included contacting the apoblema of livestock, working without gloves, process- ing sheep hooves and heads in their home, and selling, ting the apoblema of livestock had the highest risk. We brucella knowledge, and do self protection well. slaughtering and processing skins, of which, contac- should strengthen the propaganda and education of

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌 从业人员 感染率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]