日美欧有机农业比较  

A Comparison of the Organic Agriculture of Japan, the US and Europe

作　　者：赵芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2000年第3期41-44,共4页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

摘　　要：日美欧各国都比较重视有机农业，但因国情等条件不同，而又有所差异。在政策方面，日本侧重国土保全，并开始重视景观功能，实施补偿基金等制度，追求“食与绿”兼顾；美欧侧重景观功能，主张以“粗放化”和直接支付支助有机农业。在经营方面，一般以小规模农户、农场占多数，但日本重视粮食自给率、贷款支持、减农药减化学经营；美欧强调收入补贴、认证、粗放经营。在流通方面，各国不同程度地表现出重视直销的特点。追求农业的综合价值是我国宜行之路。The European countries, the US and Japan all place much emphasis on organic agriculture. However, as a result of their different conditions, there are also differences in their policies. For instance, in Japan, land preservation is much valued, landscape and scenery building are beginning to enjoy attention, compensation fonds are in use and emphasis is equally placed on 'food and greenness' in Japan, while the American and European countries place their major emphasis on the functions of landscape and scenery and give first place tp 'extensive cultivation' and direct financial support of organic agriculture. There are in the US and European countries mostly small scale farms, while the major stress is placed on the at of self-sufficiency in grain supply, loan support in Japan. In terms of circulation and distribution, characteristics are seen to different degrees of direct sale in various countries.

关 键 词：有机农业 日本 美国 欧盟 农业政策 经营制度 

分 类 号：F312.2[经济管理—产业经济]