荷兰水仙花粉萌发和花粉贮藏性  

Study on Pollen Germination and Preservation of Narcissus pseudonarcissus

作　　者：董易[1] 马晓红[1] 沈强 顾俊杰 史益敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]上海鲜花港企业发展有限公司,上海201303

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2012年第5期24-29,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点项目(沪农科引字2011年第1号)

摘　　要：研究以Delibes为实验材料,采用TTC法确定了荷兰水仙花粉最佳采集时期,并采用正交试验法对温度、蔗糖、硼酸、CaCl2和聚乙二醇-4000(PEG-4000)等5个因素进行筛选,得到荷兰水仙花粉萌发的最佳培养条件。采用14个品种的荷兰水仙花粉,研究不同贮藏温度和时间对花粉活力的影响。结果表明,最佳花粉采集时期为花药开裂未散粉时,此时花粉活力可以达到83.4%。最佳培养基条件为5%蔗糖、0.01%硼酸、0.05%CaCl2、5%PEG-4000、温度20℃的条件下培养2h,花粉萌发率可以达到85.7%,其中蔗糖是影响花粉萌发的最重要因素。所有供试的荷兰水仙花粉经过15℃贮藏1个月之后完全丧失活力,短期贮藏(1～3个月)可采用4℃进行贮藏,长期贮藏(6～12个月)应采用-18℃进行贮藏;供试的14个品种中,贮藏1年后Spellbinder花粉活力最强,Mondragon和Mount Hood花粉活力最弱。To investigate the optimal culture conditions for Dutch narcissus pollen germination, the TTC method was used to determine the best collection period of narcissus pollen with Delibes as the experimental material, and conditions of temperature, sucrose, boric acid, CaCl2 and polyethylene glycol （PEG）-4000 （PEG-4000） were selected by orthogonal design. The effects of different storage temperature and time on pollen activities of 14 narcissus varieties were examined. The results showed that the optimal pollen collection period was when anther was cracking but not powdered with as high as 83.4% pollen activity. The best culture condition for pollen germination was 5% sucrose, 0.01% Boric acid, 0. 05% CaCl2 and 5 % PEG-4000 for 2 hours at 20 ℃ with 85.7 % pollen germination rate. Sucrose was the most important affecting factor of pollen germination. Narcissus pollen had lost vitality completely when stored at 15 ℃ for one month. It was favorable for pollen short-term （1~3 months） storage at 4 ℃ and long- term （6~12 months） storage at --18 ℃. Among the selected 14 narcissus varieties, the pollen activity of Spellbinder was highest, and taht of Mondragon and Mount Hood after 1 year of storage.

关 键 词：荷兰水仙 花粉活力 花粉萌发 花粉贮藏 

分 类 号：S682.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]