铝合金焊接结构的应力松弛及控制  

Stress Relaxation and Control Method on 5A06-H112 Al Alloy Welding Structure

作　　者：赵征[1] 王艳芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安长峰机电研究所,西安710065 [2]陕西工业职业技术学院,咸阳712000

出　　处：《宇航材料工艺》2012年第5期59-63,共5页Aerospace Materials & Technology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅2011年教学研究项目资助(11JK0819)

摘　　要：针对生产现场大尺寸5A06-H112铝合金板箱形件拼焊制造过程中存在应力松弛的问题,对多种焊接工艺方法进行了研究。通过对不同焊接接头的力学性能试验、残余应力测试、焊接金相和硬度测量结果对比显示,铝合金焊接结构的应力变化存在先升后降的变化趋势,而TIG焊由于采用较小的线能量和多层焊,较MIG焊其应力松弛的程度存在差异。结果表明,增加焊后时效时间8～10 d,并采用TIG焊技术将有效减小铝合金焊接结构的应力松弛,使端头下沉减少50%左右,满足了设计图纸的要求。Aimed at the stress relaxation of giant size welding assembly of 5A06-H112 aluminum alloy cabinet, several welding processes were studied. The TIG and MIG welded joint microstructures were examined out. The ulti- mate strengths, residual stresses and the hardness of the TIG joint were measured in comparison with the MIG weld- ing. The results showed that the residual stress of the joint in the welding assembly of aluminum alloy relaxes following the descending-after- rising curve. Due to the lower energy input and multi-layer welding process, TIG has the differ- ent ability to reduce the stress relaxation contrasted with MIG. The method which combines TIG with extending 8 to 10 aging days enables the stress relaxation weakens, and confines the assembly＇ s dimension stabilization finally.

关 键 词：5A06-H112铝合金 应力松弛 控制 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]