基于河流断面监测资料的非点源负荷估算输出系数法的研究和应用  

Study and application of export coefficient model of non-point pollution source load using in-situ data

作　　者：黄永刚[1] 付玲玲[1] 胡筱敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2012年第5期159-162,共4页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑项目(2009ZX07526-006!)

摘　　要：由于缺少基础监测资料,大中型流域的非点源负荷的估算一直是国内相关研究的难点。本文提出以大中型流域为估算单元,综合考虑土地利用形式、水文地理条件等因素,建立流域非点源负荷输出系数法计算模型,利用河流断面的历史监测数据,通过水文分割和最优化数学方法进行参数率定,克服了非点源污染监测难度大,历史资料缺乏的困难。应用计算模型估算了辽河铁岭段的面源污染负荷,利用2009年污染物普查的相关数据进行验证,估算结果与污染普查估算结果相差小于15%。该种方法以水文监测资料和河流水质断面监测资料为基础,历史数据相对丰富,通过计算机编程进行计算,可实现对流域非点源污染的快速预测和分析。A difficulty has risen in estimation of non-point source load of large-or medium-scale watershed in China. owing to shortage of observation data. Aiming at this issue, this paper presents a new method based on the in-situ data available from hydrological stations and a calculation model. This model considers various factors of land use and hydrological geographical conditions, etc. and adopts hydrograph division and mathematical optimization methods for model calibration. It was applied to the Tieling reach of Liao river and achieved an accuracy of 15% in comparison with the pollution data surveyed in 2009. As a method based on abundant hydrological data, it is easy to implement on computer for a quick calculation and analysis of non-point pollution.

关 键 词：环境水力学 非点源负荷 输出系数法 辽河流域 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]