成都平原农田区土壤重金属元素环境基准值初步研究  

Study on Environmental Criteria for Heavy Metal of Farmland Soil in Chengdu Plain

作　　者：王莹[1] 侯青叶[1] 杨忠芳[1] 杨晓燕[1] 金立新[2] 李忠惠[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]四川省地质调查院,四川成都610081

出　　处：《现代地质》2012年第5期953-962,共10页Geoscience

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目(1212010511218)

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染已成为制约人类社会发展及危害人类健康的重要因素,制定土壤重金属元素的环境基准值对控制土壤重金属污染及保护生态安全具有重要意义。以成都平原农田区为例,以保护地下水安全为目的,以室内模拟淋溶实验为手段,尝试性地计算了研究区不同类型土壤重金属元素的环境基准值。研究结果表明:(1)不同类型土壤各元素在土壤—水间的分配系数差异较大;(2)不同类型土壤Hg和Cd环境基准值差异不大,Hg环境基准值平均为0.3μg/g,Cd的变化范围为0.3～0.5μg/g;As和Pb环境基准值差异较大,As的变化范围为18～24μg/g;Pb的变化范围为24～41μg/g;(3)研究区土壤基本处于保护饮用水的安全范围之内,但黄壤中Pb、紫色土中Cd和Pb、棕壤中Hg和Pb具有潜在的影响地下水安全的生态风险。这对研究区进行风险评估具有重要的参考价值。Soil heavy metal pollution has become a major factor in restricting development of human society.The principal impediment in the remediation of contaminated sites and in the protection of groundwater quality is the lack of appropriate standards for heavy metals in soils.There are no standards applicable to predict the potential for groundwater contamination by heavy metals in Sichuan.This paper aimed to provide the environmental criteria of heavy metals in Chengdu Plain farmland for the purpose of protecting the drinking water.The results indicated that：（1） the partition coefficient（Kd）of As,Cd,Hg and Pb were quite different in different types of soil;（2） environmental criteria of Hg and Cd were much close in different types of soil,while Hg was 0.3 μg/g and Cd were in the range of 0.3 μg/g to 0.5 μg/g.In contrast,environmental criteria of As and Pb were much different,for As were 18 μg/g to 24 μg/g and Pb were 24 μg/g to 41 μg/g;（3） heavy metals in the study area were basically below the given environmental criteria except Cd,Pb and Hg in a few types of soil.These results played an important role in risk assessment for the study area.

关 键 词：重金属 环境基准值 生态安全 饮用水 分配系数 成都平原农田区 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] X142[天文地球—地质学]