青海省东昆仑成矿带铁矿成矿规律与找矿方向研究  

Metallogenic Law and Prospect Direction of Iron Deposits in the East Kunlun Metallogenic Belt in Qinghai

作　　者：许长坤[1] 刘世宝[2] 赵子基[2] 张梅芬[1] 张开成[1] 刘建华[1] 詹发余[3] 黄朝晖[1] 张钟月[1] 王红英[1] 张文君[1] 乔强[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省国土资源博物馆,西宁810001 [2]青海省国土资源厅,西宁810001 [3]青海省地质调查院,西宁810012

出　　处：《地质学报》2012年第10期1621-1636,I0001,1639-1678,共57页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目(编号1212010818111)资助的成果

摘　　要：东昆仑成矿带位于西域板块南缘活动带与华南板块接合部位,属昆祁秦缝合系的昆仑缝合带。区内由昆北、昆中及昆南三条呈近东西向到北西西向平行展布的区域深大断裂,构成东昆仑复杂的构造格局,由此划分出三大构造成矿单元,即东昆仑北带、中带、南带。这三条大断裂均为切穿地壳或岩石圈的区域性长期活动深大断裂,不仅构成各地质单元的边界和控制岩浆岩分布,也控制了东昆仑隆起、凹陷带沉积盆地及沉积建造的展布,与次级北西、北北西向和北东向断裂一起,把不同时代地层和部分岩体切割成规模不等的断块(条),同时不同级次的断裂构造作为成矿的导矿场和储矿场,为各类矿床的形成提供了良好的迁移通道和赋存空间。该区地层主要集中发育在前寒武纪、早古生界奥陶―志留纪、晚古生代石炭―二叠纪、中生界三叠纪及新生代几个时间段中。在区域分布上,昆中、昆北带出露地层较相近,昆南带与昆北和昆中带有显著差异,反映为不同地层分区。岩浆活动非常强烈而频繁,分布亦十分广泛,主要分布在昆仑山北坡断隆带和祁漫塔格地区,在昆仑山主脊形成著名的东昆仑山花岗岩带,昆仑山南坡出露少量中酸侵入岩。岩浆活动始于元古代,止于新生代,表现为间歇性的火山喷发与岩浆侵入频繁交替。岩性从基性、超基性到酸性均有出露。主要活动时代为加里东期、华力西期,其次为印支期、燕山期;兴凯期和前兴凯期主要以少量基性、超基性喷流活动。东昆仑成矿带是青海重要成矿带之一,东昆仑成矿带侵入岩、褶皱、断裂构造发育,岩浆活动频繁强烈,成矿地质条件十分优越,具有较大找矿潜力。该带也是青海省主要的工业矿床集中分布的地区,储量大,品位较高,矿产地集中,同时共伴生的多金属矿床也往往具有一定的规模。尤其是矽卡岩型和沉�The East Kunlun metallogenic belt, located in the binding part between the south mobile belt of Xiyublock and South China block, belongs to the Kunlun suture belt of Qilian-Qinling suture system. It consists of three regional deep-seated faults trending from near EW to NWW in the south, middle and north of the Kunlun basin, and forms a complicated structure of this belt. Hence, three tectonic metallogenie units were divided, the north, middle and south belt of East Kunlun. All three fractures are the long-lived regional deep fractures cutting through the earth＇s crust or lithosphere, which not only form the boundary of each geologic unit but control the distribution of magmatic rock, uplifting of East Kunlun, sedimentary basins and formation of depression zone. Along with secondary NW-, NNW- and NE-trending faults, the three fractures cut strata of different era and some rock masses into fault blocks on various scales. Therefore, the fracture structures of different levels, which can be storage space for ore, provide excellent migration passages and occurrence space for formation of various ore deposits. The strata in the region were formed mainly in Preeambrian, Ordovician-Silurian, Carboniferous-Permian, Triassic and Cenozoic Era. As for regional distribution, the outcrops in the middle and northern Kunlong belts are similar while there is significant difference between the south belt and other two belts. Magmatie activities were very strong and frequent, and are distributed extensively in fault-uplift zone of the north slope of Kunlun Mountain as well as the Qimantage region, with the famous granite belt formed in the major ridge of Kunlun mountain and small amount of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks exposed in the south slope. Lithological characters are shown as mafic, ultramafice and acid. The main active periods are Caledonian and Variscan, followed by Indosinian and Yanshanian, with minor mafic and ultramafic exhalative activities existing in Xingkai and Early Xingkai period. East Kunlun metallogenic b

关 键 词：东昆仑成矿带 铁矿 成矿规律 找矿方向 

分 类 号：P618.31[天文地球—矿床学]