氯吡嘧磺隆除草活性及对不同玉米品种的安全性  

Herbicidal activity and security of halosulfuron-methyl to different maize varieties

作　　者：谢娜[1] 王金信[1] 侯珍[1] 毕建杰[2] 张晓芳[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学农学院,泰安271018 [3]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,保定071000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2012年第5期461-466,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

摘　　要：采用农药室内生物测定法对氯吡嘧磺隆除草活性和对不同玉米品种的安全性进行了研究。在35 g/hm2(有效成分,余同)下,氯吡嘧磺隆对玉米田常见杂草苍耳、鸭跖草、反枝苋、香附子等的鲜重抑制率均在90%以上,对禾本科杂草无效,且与对照药剂烟嘧磺隆有很大的互补性。氯吡嘧磺隆对23种不同玉米品种的安全性差异显著,在140g/hm2下,饲玉7号、五岳18等5个品种较为敏感,株高抑制率均在9.85%以上;金海5号、鲁单981等12个品种敏感性略低,株高抑制率在4.31%～8.29%;郑单958、泰爆1号等6个品种耐药性较高,抑制效果不明显。氯吡嘧磺隆对玉米幼苗主根长抑制率存在较大差异,其IC50值由高到低依次为泰爆1号、强盛16、郑单958、农大108、五岳21、鲁单981、中玉9号、金海5号、西星雪中墨、农大0638、甜玉米。氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米与香附子、反枝苋之间的选择系数分别为16.11、13.18,显著高于对照药剂。结果表明氯吡嘧磺隆对部分常见阔叶杂草及莎草科杂草有较高的除草活性,并对大部分玉米品种安全。The relational studies were carried in the laboratory to definitude the herbicidal effect and the safety of halosulfuron-methyl to common various corn varieties. The results showed that the activity of ha- losulfuron-methyl was high to some common broadleaf weeds and sedges and the fresh weight inhibiting rates of Commelina communis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Cyperus rotundus, etc. were all above 90% at 35 g/hm2 （effective constituent, the following is the same） , in contrast, almost halosulfuron-methyl was null to grasses, even it could be seen the weed control spectrum of halosulfuron-methyl and nicosulfuron was complementary. The security of 23 maize varieties to halosulfuron-methyl was studied, and the following results was that with the doubling dosage 140 g/hm2, the halosulfuron-methyl to 5 maize varieties were in- secure and plant height inhibiting rates were beyond 9.64% such as Siyu 7, Wuyue 18, et al. , to 12 maize varieties were safer and plant height inhibiting rates were between 4.14% and 7.78% such as Jin- hai 5, Ludan 981, et al. , to 6 maize varieties were safest and inhibiting effect were unconspicuous suchas Zhengdan 958, Taibao 1, et al. The inhibition ratio of the halosulfuron-methyl to taproot of seedling existed some difference, based on IC50, the order is Taibao 1, Qiangsheng 16, Zhengdan 958, Nongda 108, Wuyue 21, Ludan 981, Zhongyu 9, Jinhai 5, Xixingxuezhongmo, Nongda 0638, Tianyumi. Com- paring the selectivity coefficient of halosulfuron-methyl and nicosulfuron between maize and sensitive weeds, the former was significantly higher than the latter, C. rotundus 16.11, A. retroflexus 13.18. All about results revealed that the herbicidal effect of halosulfuron-methyl was higher to some common broad- leaf weeds and sedges compared with nicosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl was secure to a majority of corn varieties.

关 键 词：氯吡嘧磺隆 玉米 除草活性 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.222[农业科学—植物保护]