宁南丘陵区紫花苜蓿草地土壤养分变异规律研究  

Variation of soil nutrients in alfalfa grassland in hilly region of south Ningxia

作　　者：纪立东[1] 高婷[2] 王维珍 王晓琴 李云 朱建宁[1] 马学兵 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川750002 [2]宁夏农林科学院草畜工程技术研究中心,银川750002 [3]彭阳县草原工作站,宁夏彭阳756500 [4]宁夏吉兴达建筑工程有限公司,银川750000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2012年第11期71-73,共3页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技部农业科技成果转化项目(2007GB2G300330);宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ0970)

摘　　要：为了探明有限降水及地力瘠薄等资源条件下的苜蓿草地土壤养分时空变异特征,试验对宁南丘陵区主要生长年份苜蓿草地土壤养分按照不同层次开展多点定位监测,同时按照生育期监测了苜蓿茎叶比及鲜、干草产量。结果表明:宁南丘陵区苜蓿草地土壤有机质和碱解氮含量在头茬盛花期含量最高,其次为二茬盛花期及二茬收获期,返青期及头茬收获期最低;土壤速效磷在头茬收获期含量较高,而在植株生长旺盛期含量较低;随着土壤剖面的深入,土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量表现为逐渐降低的趋势;随着种植年限增长至5年,土壤有机质和碱解氮变化状况不明显,而土壤速效磷、速效钾含量表现为逐渐降低的趋势。说明宁南丘陵区长期种植苜蓿需及时补充磷、钾元素。To study spatial -temporal variability properties of soil nutrients on alfalfa grassland under limited precipitation and the impoverish- ment of land conditions, the soil nutrients were monitored through muhipoint positioning on alfalfa grassland with different grow years in loess hilly region of south Ningxia, on the basis of the different levels. The stem - leaf ratio, fresh and hay yields were monitored according to the growth period. The results showed that the maximum contents of soil organic matter and available N were obtained at full - bloom stage in loess hilly region of south Ningxia, and then followed by the second full -bloom stage and the second harvest time, and the contents at reviving stage and the first harvest time were the lowest. There were high contents of available P and available K in the harvest time, and lower content during the vigorous growth period. The soil organic matter, available N, and available P were reduced gradually along with the increase of soil depth. As the age of alfalfa reached to five years, the content changes of organic matter and available N were not obvious, but the contents of available P and available K were decreased gradually. It indicates that a timely supplement of phosphorus and potassium elements should be taken during the long- time cultivation of alfalfa.

关 键 词：宁南旱区 紫花苜蓿 土壤养分 时空变异 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]