基于格网GIS的喀斯特生态安全研究——以贵州花江石漠化综合治理示范区为例  

Research on the Karst Ecological Security Based on Gridding GIS——A Case Study on the Demonstration Areas of the Rock Desertification Integrated Management in Huajiang of Guizhou,China

作　　者：魏小岛[1,2] 周忠发[1,2] 王媛媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地学报》2012年第6期681-687,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题(2012CB723202);贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金(黔科合人字[2009]18号);贵州省国际科技合作计划项目(黔科合外G字[2012]7022号)~~

摘　　要：喀斯特生态安全评价及其空间格局研究是科学分析喀斯特生态系统安全状况和对石漠化综合治理效果作出客观评价的基础。通过分析喀斯特生态安全的概念,基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)模型,初步形成喀斯特生态安全评价概念框架,建立了喀斯特生态安全评价指标体系和生态安全度标准。在格网GIS技术的支持下,对评价体系中各指标进行5 m×5 m尺度下的网格化表达,运用基于栅格数据的空间叠加方法实现喀斯特生态安全模型评价,得到格网化花江示范区的生态安全度空间数据。研究发现示范区整体生态状况呈现出逐步好转的趋势,石漠化综合治理取得了一定成效,但整体仍处于警戒状态,此外人类活动对喀斯特生态安全的影响正在进一步加深。Karst ecological security evaluation and its spatial pattern analysis are the bases of scientific analysis for the karst ecological system security and the objective assessment on the effect of rocky desertification comprehensive treatments. Through analyzing karst ecological security conception, the conceptual framework of karst ecological se- curity evaluation system is preliminarily formed based on the Driving Forces -Pressure -State-Impact- Response （DPSIR） model, and the karst ecological security evaluation system and its grade classification standards are set up. In support of the gridding GIS technology, this paper gives each index in the evaluation system the spatial ex- pression of 5 m ×5 m grid ,~cale. Subsequently, using the spatial overlaying technology based on grid data, we get the result of ecological security and its grade spatial data for Huajiang demonstration areas. The research shows that the ecological security of Huajiang demonstration areas is overall getting better, and rocky desertification compre- hensive treatments are proved to be effective to a certain degree, but it is still unsafe. Furthermore, effect of human activities on karst ecological security is gradually increasing.

关 键 词：喀斯特石漠化 生态安全 人为干扰 格网GIS 

分 类 号：P931.5[天文地球—自然地理学] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]