丁酉科场案与清初秦陇文人心态  

The Examination Fraud of 1657 and the Literati's Psychology in Qin & Long Areas in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：冉耀斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学文学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》2012年第6期64-69,共6页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"明清之际:诗人心态与诗歌走向"(12BZW048);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"清代三秦诗派及秦陇文化研究"(10YJC751065);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目"清代秦;陇文学及文化研究"(SKQNYB11001)

摘　　要：丁酉科场案为清初三大案之一,统治者企图通过此次案狱肃清科场流弊,扭转科举风气,进而对以江南文化世族为核心的士阶层进行高压整肃,借以巩固其统治地位。但是由于统治者滥施刑罚,草菅人命,对无辜者多有冤枉,所以造成士人的强烈不满。诗人张晋、张恂无辜蒙难之后,秦陇士人普遍对清政府的暴虐产生了反感,他们对清廷的态度也从最初的犹豫和妥协,转向激愤和疏离,甚至走上了反抗之路。在丁酉科场案之后的很长时期,秦陇士人甚至将读书仕进视为畏途,大多对清政府采取不合作的态度,在清朝历史上具有深远影响。The examination fraud of 1657 was one of the three cases in the early Qing Dynasty, which was mainly used by rulers to eliminate abuses in examinations, to reverse the atmosphere of imperial examination, then to put high pressure on literati class with Jiangnan cultural aristocracy as its center, in order to consolidates its dominant power. However, the rulers＇ the indiscriminate use of penalty and brulty caused strong resentment among the literati. After poet Zhang Jin and Zhang Xun were persecuted, literati in Qin ~ Long areas were generally discontented with the oppressiveness of government. Their attitude toward the Qing Dynasty changed from the initial hesitation to being angry and alienated, even embarking on the paths of resistance. Most of them had taken an uncooperative attitude toward the government, and even had rejected the imperial examination for a very long time after the examination fraud of 1657, which had a far-reaching impact on the history of the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：丁酉科场案 秦陇地区 文人心态 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]