分离年龄和留守时间对留守儿童行为和情绪问题的影响  

Impact of the Age and Duration Separated from Parents on Left-home-kids' Behaviors and Emotions

作　　者：凌辉[1] 张建人[1] 易艳[1] 周立健[1] 洪婉妍[1] 文晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2012年第5期674-678,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

摘　　要：目的 :考察分离年龄和留守时间对留守儿童行为和情绪问题的影响。方法 :采用青少年行为自评量表(YSR)、儿童抑郁自评量表(DSRSC)和儿童孤独感量表(CLS)对268名留守儿童和228名非留守儿童进行调查。结果:①留守儿童在孤独感得分以及行为问题的躯体主诉、焦虑抑郁、社交问题、攻击行为、内化行为问题、外化行为问题、行为问题总分上显著高于非留守儿童;②留守时间×分离年龄的方差分析显示,在行为问题的所有因子以及孤独、抑郁得分上留守时间和分离年龄的主效应均不显著;③在抑郁以及行为问题的躯体主诉、焦虑抑郁、思维问题、内化行为问题等因子上分离年龄与留守时间的交互效应显著,在行为问题总分上分离年龄与留守时间的交互效应边缘显著。结论:留守所导致的亲子分离现象对儿童行为适应及情绪发展存在不利影响,年幼时(6岁以前)与父母分离,无论留守时间长短,都将对儿童的行为和情绪发展造成消极影响;而年龄较大时(6岁以后)与父母分离,则分离时间越长,对行为和情绪发展的消极影响越严重。Objective： To study the impact of the age and duration being separated from parents on left-home-kids＇ behaviors and emotions.Methods： The Youth Self Report（YSR）,Depression Self-rating Scale For Children（DSRSC） and Children＇s Loneliness Scale（CLS） were conducted in 268 left-home-kids and 228 non-left-home-kids.Results： ①Left-home-kids scored significantly higher than non-left-home-kids in the loneliness,somatic complaints of behaviors,anxiety depression,social problems,aggressive behaviors,internalization behavior problems,externalizing behavior problems and the total behavior problems;②The two-factor variance analysis（the duration and age separated from parents） revealed that the main effect of the two factors were not significant in all factors of the behavior problems,loneliness and depression;③The interaction effect was significant between the duration and age separated from parents in depression,somatic complaints of behaviors,anxiety depression,thinking problems,internalization behavior problems,while it was approximately significant in total scores of behavioral problems.Conclusion： Parent-child separation of left-home-kids had negative impact on their behavior adaption and emotion development.It was significant when separated before six years old no matter the length of left-time,but this negative influence would become more serious when separated after 6 years old with the increase in time of left-home.

关 键 词：分离年龄 留守时间 行为问题 抑郁 孤独感 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]