高速公路长隧道夜间出口照明优化研究  

Study on optimization of lighting at night at long tunnel exit of the expressway

作　　者：赵炜华[1] 刘浩学[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2012年第5期90-94,共5页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178054);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(CHD2011JC031)

摘　　要：我国现行隧道通风照明标准中,关于高速公路长隧道夜间出口段照明设计存在缺失,而上述问题对于行车安全和节能减排具有重要意义.为使高速公路长隧道出口段照明适合驾驶人需求,选用11名驾驶人进行夜间隧道实际行车试验.以眼动仪记录驾驶人瞳孔面积实时变化参数,照度计测量不同点的环境照度,非接触式五轮仪测量行车速度.运用多元曲面回归分析方法,获得瞳孔面积随照度和适应时间变化的规律,并建立量化模型.研究表明:现有隧道夜间出口段照度过高,与驾驶人实际需求差异大,造成驾驶人严重的暗适应问题;该段的照度值应按驾驶人需求进行优化,逐渐降低洞内照度并在出口外增设照度逐渐降低的照明设施.计算列举了出口段不同位置具体照度值,以减弱暗适应对行车的影响.According to the Chinese current tunnel ventilation and lighting standards,lighting design at night at long tunnel exit of the expressway is found to have some defects.This problem is significant to traffic safety and energy conservation.In order to make lighting parameters satisfied to requirements of driving,11 drivers were selected to carry out the actual driving experiments.Pupil size parameters in real-time were recorded by eye tracker,environmental illumination at different points were detected by illumination meter and speeds were measured through the non-contact Five Wheel Meter.Experimental data were examined,and multiple curve surface logistic regression was used to obtain rules of pupil area changing with the illumination and adaptation time and the quantitative models were established.The results show that illumination at night at long tunnel exit is too high to satisfy the demands of drivers.Serious dark adaptation is caused,and traffic safety is influenced significantly.The illumination values of this segment should be optimized to gradual decrease according to the driver needs,and gradually decreased additional lighting should be equipped outside the tunnels.The lamination values can be inspected in the conclusion to lessen the effect of dark adaptation on driving.

关 键 词：高速公路 长隧道 出口段 夜间 照明 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]