土壤浅深松联合松耕机设计和浅松土试验  

Topsoil and Subsoil Combined Cultivator and Top-soiling Experiment

作　　者：杨有刚[1] 张宏[1] 冯涛[1] 林前国[1] 薛铭哲[1] 李峥[1] 贺卫[1] 米晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2012年第19期163-168,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：农业部先正达农业科教及农村发展项目;农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(200903007)

摘　　要：在保护性耕作条件下,为了使浅松作业不搅乱上下土层,降低对土壤的扰动,提供理想的种床,增加施水播种灌水下渗深度,减少水份蒸发和覆膜施水播种的白色污染,并增加土壤深松深度,减少机具进地次数,设计一种具有往复插土式浅松功能,还可进行土壤深松作业的浅深松联合松耕机。设计浅松刀具结构,建立刀具可靠工作的绝对运动数学模型。经试验知:若土壤浅松后碎土系数大于90%,土壤堆密度小于1.22 g/cm3,上下土层不被搅乱,且玉米施水播种时,水入渗深度比普通旋耕法对应值至少增加19.3%,则刀具前后两次合理的切土距离应小于30 mm。Under the condition of conservation tillage,in order to make the topsoil cultivation not disturb the upper and lower layer which can minimize the disturbance to the soil,to provide the ideal seedbeds,to increase the infiltration depth of water facilities sowing irrigation,to reduce the white pollution of water evaporation and coated water facilities sowing,to increase the sub-soiling depth,to reduce the frequency of cultivation joint to the fields,a kind of topsoil and subsoil combined cultivator is designed,which is with the function of reciprocating plug of soil as well as conducting sub-soiling operation.A topsoil cultivation tool structure is designed and the absolute motion mathematical model of the reliable operation of the surface tillage cutter is established.According to the test,if the broken soil coefficient of soil is more than 90% after topsoil cultivation,soil bulk density is less than 1.22 g/cm3,the upper and lower soil can not be disturbed,and when corn is using the water facilities sowing,the infiltration depth of water has an at least 19.3% increase than the same data of ordinary spin tillage method,then the reasonable cut soil distance of cutting tool should be less than 30 mm.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 松土 土壤扰动 施水播种 机具设计 

分 类 号：S223[农业科学—农业机械化工程]