东亚地区人为气溶胶直接辐射强迫及其气候效应的数值模拟  

Simulation of direct radiation forcing of anthropogenic aerosols and its climate effects over eastern Asia

作　　者：王莹[1] 沈新勇[1] 王勇[1] 吉振明[2] 周伟灿[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境变化与地表过程实验室,北京100085 [3]无锡环境科学与工程研究中心无锡城市职业技术学院,江苏无锡214063

出　　处：《气象科学》2012年第5期515-525,共11页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB403405);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41075039;41175065);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200806009);江苏省青蓝工程(2009)

摘　　要：利用耦合化学过程的区域气候模式RegCM3,模拟研究3种主要人为排放气溶胶(硫酸盐、黑碳、有机碳)对东亚区域气候的影响。计算分析近20 a来3种气溶胶的时空分布、综合辐射强迫作用及其对地面气温和降水的影响。模拟结果表明:3种气溶胶冬夏季分布有所不同,冬季气溶胶大值区主要分布在南方地区,而夏季大值区北移;气溶胶短波辐射强迫在大气层顶和地面均为负值;气溶胶的加入对东亚地区地表气温有明显影响,冬季降温中心位于四川盆地,夏季降温大值区位于华北地区。气溶胶直接气候效应使得冬季东亚大部分地区降水减少,夏季东亚地区降水与中国南方地区夏季气溶胶浓度有较好的相关关系,中国东部雨带有南移趋势。The regional climate model version 3（RegCM 3） coupled with a chemistry-aerosol model was used to investigate the effect of three main kinds of anthropogenic aerosol（sulfate,black carbon and organic carbon） on regional climate in east Asia.The spatial and temporal distribution of aerosols and their influences on the radiative forcing,surface temperature,and rainfall during recent 20 years were analyzed.The simulation results show that the distribution of the aerosol concentration was different in winter and summer.The high concentration of aerosols was mainly located in south of east Asia in winter,and then it would expand northward.Short wave radiative forcing of the aerosols at both the top of the atmosphere and the ground was negative.Introducing three kinds of aerosol had significant effects on surface temperature in East Asia.The cooling center was located in Sichuan Basin in winter,whereas the greatest decrease in surface temperature was found in north China in summer.The direct climate effect of sulfate,black carbon and organic carbon aerosols leaded to a reduction of winter precipitation in most regions of east Asia.Summer rainfall in east Asia had a significant correlation with summer mean column burden of aerosols in southern China.The rain belt in eastern China would shift southward.

关 键 词：气溶胶 REGCM3模式 直接气候效应 

分 类 号：P422[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]