云分析系统在台风莫拉菲数值模拟中的应用  

Application of Cloud Analysis System to Typhoon Molave Simulation

作　　者：屈右铭[1] 蔡荣辉[1] 朱立娟 王贵娟[3] 王红艳[4] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省气象科学研究所,长沙410007 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081 [3]广东省气象局,广州510080 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2012年第5期551-561,共11页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2011Z07);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006001;GYHY200806003);湖南省气象局重点课题"基于综合气象资料的湖南大暴雨形成机理和预报方法研究"

摘　　要：借鉴美国CAPS开发的中尺度ARPS模式的资料分析系统ADAS,设计了基于GRAPES_Meso的云分析系统,实现了地面云观测资料、卫星云图、多普勒雷达反射率资料在GRAPRS模式中的综合融合应用。通过对登陆台风莫拉菲(0906)数值模拟检验云分析系统的性能。结果表明:云分析系统通过地面云观测资料、卫星红外云图、可见光云图、多普勒雷达反射率的同化,能够反演出合理的三维云覆盖状况;在三维云覆盖的基础上结合云底云顶高度,进而反演出云水、云冰、雨水、雪、霰等云微物理量,并显著改善模式初始湿度场;在台风登陆过程的模拟中,虽然对台风路径的预报有所偏差,但对比控制试验,在台风登陆地点、台风强度、路径的预报中云分析发挥了正作用;通过对云分析后初始场反演的雷达回波进行检验,验证了云分析的可行性与正确性,对整体的降水预报效果也有明显改善。The moist physical processes （mutual transformation of water substance）, cloud and rain formation, and corresponding dynamic and thermal effect on precipitation forecast is important for the meso-scale and micro-scale numerical weather prediction model. In order to improve the cloud microphysical parameteriza- tion of GRAPES_Meso model, the surface cloud observation data, satellite image and Doppler radar reflec- tivity are analyzed, and the GRAPES Cloud Analysis System is developed referring to ARPS model and ARPS Data Analysis System （ADAS）. The progress and principle of cloud analysis in meso-scale numerical weather prediction model is de- scribed at first, and then the technical feasibility of leading cloud analysis into GRAPES_Meso model is an- alyzed, based on which the cloud analysis module is designed. There are several monomial sub-modules in the GCAS （GRAPES Cloud Analysis System） such as the observation pre-treatment sub-module, 3D cloud cover analysis sub-module, humidity and moisture contents filed analysis sub-module. The special pre- treatment process has been designed for domestic observation data. The GRAPES Cloud Analysis System is developed for the first time which is based on LAPS （Local Analysis and Prediction System） cloud analy- sis program and referring to ARPS model and ADAS. The adjustment of the 3D cloud cover and initial field and cloud water and hydrometeors is analyzed when surface cloud observation data, satellite image and Doppler radar reflectivity is assimilated in the GRAPES_Meso. The performance of the GRAPES Cloud Analysis System is inspected by the simulation of the landing Typhoon Molave（0906）. First, the distribution of 3D cloud cover is retrieved from the cloud analysis system. Second, the cloud water and hy- drometeors is produced quickly based on the 3D cloud cover and the height of cloud top and bottom, also, the initial field is adjusted. Third, the forecast of typhoon track in the simulation has a little error, howev- er, the cloud analysis system

关 键 词：云分析系统 同化 水成物 台风莫拉菲(0906) 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]