一次降雨过程风廓线雷达回波特征  

The characteristics of wind profile radar echo in a rainfall process

作　　者：陈楠[1] 胡明宝[1] 徐芬[2] 孙磊[2] 李妙英[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院,江苏南京211101 [2]江苏省气象科学研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2012年第5期19-24,共6页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：解放军理工大学气象学院基础理论研究基金项目;国家自然科学基金(41005018;41105023);北极阁基金项目(BJG200901)共同资助

摘　　要：为应用风廓线雷达监测降水天气,通过对2006年南京地区一次春季降雨过程的边界层风廓线雷达探测数据与自动站雨量数据进行对比分析和相关性统计,研究降水发生、维持和消亡期间风廓线雷达资料的变化特征,分析风廓线雷达垂直速度、速度谱宽与降雨强度之间的相关性。结果表明:当降雨临近时,风廓线雷达水平风廓线上的空洞逐渐消失,当降雨结束时空洞再次出现,且伴随着低空急流的出现降水明显增强。随着降雨的发生,风廓线雷达产品的垂直速度、速度谱宽和折射率结构常数值均明显增大。整个降水期间,550 m高度层以下的垂直速度与降水量存在显著线性负相关,450—950 m高度层之间的速度谱宽与降水量存在显著线性正相关,可见垂直速度、速度谱宽的变化与降水强度关系密切;当垂直负速度变小或速度谱宽变大时,降水增强的可能性增大。研究结果揭示了风廓线雷达垂直速度、速度谱宽与降雨强度之间的内在联系,可为风廓线雷达应用于降雨天气监测提供参考。In order to monitor precipitation weather using wind profile radar,the characteristics of wind profiler radar data at the different stages of rainfall including formation,development,and dissipation were discussed and the correlations between vertical velocity,velocity spectrum width detected by the profile radar and rainfall intensity were analyzed according to the comparison and the correlation analysis between the boundary wind profile radar data and the automatic weather station data during a spring precipitation process of 2006 in Nanjing.The results indicate that holes in the horizontal wind profile gradually disappear as rainfall approaches,while holes appear again as rainfall ends,and precipitation increases obviously after low level jet appears.The vertical velocity,velocity spectrum width and refractivity structure constant increase obviously when precipitation appears.The correlation between vertical velocity below the 550 m height level and precipitation is significantly negative,while it is significantly positive between velocity spectrum width from 450 m to 950 m height level and precipitation,namely,rainfall intensity is greatly likely to be stronger when the negative vertical velocity is smaller or spectrum width is bigger.The above results reveal the relationships among wind profile vertical velocity,velocity spectrum width and precipitation intensity,which could be applied to the monitoring of precipitation weather.

关 键 词：风廓线雷达 水平风廓线 垂直速度 速度谱宽 折射率结构常数 降雨过程 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]