台风“碧利斯”的雷达反演与改进  

An analysis of wind field retrieval for typhoon Bilis based on Doppler radar data and its improvement

作　　者：段云霞[1,2] 李得勤[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市气象局,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2012年第5期25-33,共9页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"参数优化和数据同化用于估算土壤湿度的研究"(41105064)和"提高用集合卡尔曼滤波方法同化雷达资料的效率的研究"(40805044)共同资助

摘　　要：利用两步变分反演方法研究2006年第4号台风"碧利斯",比较单部雷达资料和双部雷达资料的反演结果。结果表明:利用单部雷达资料不能很好地反演出台风的风场结构特征,而双部雷达资料在第一步反演背景场时,可以显示出台风的涡旋特征。通过检验发现,此次台风过程的水平切向风在最大风速半径内部与Rankine模型相近,外部与Chen 3模型接近。为了更有效地利用单部雷达的观测信息准确定位台风的移动路径,故在单部雷达资料第一步反演背景场时加入模型弱约束。反演结果表明,加入模型弱约束后,反演的背景风场可以看出台风的涡旋特征,通过第二步反演后与双部雷达资料结果相近;加模型弱约束的单部雷达反演结果与双部雷达反演结果间u、v分量的相关系数均为0.8或以上,2—7 km高度层u、v分量的均方根误差明显减小。A two-step variational method is used to retrieve the ＂0604＂ typhoon（called Bilis）of 2006.The retrieval results using the single radar data were compared with that using the dual-Doppler radar data.The results indicate that the two-step variational method can not retrieve well the structure of typhoon using the single radar data.However,this method can retrieve the vortex structure of typhoon at the first step with the dual-Doppler radar data.The Rankine model and the Chen 3 model fit well within and outside the radius of the maximum tangential velocity of typhoon Bilis,respectively.The experiential symmetrical model is added in the two-step variational method in order to determine the moving path of typhoon with the single radar data.The result shows it improves the retrieval ability of the two-step variational method.The retrieval result of wind field is better at the first step by using the single radar data after adding the symmetrical model and it is similar to that by using the dual-Doppler radar data.The correlation coefficients of u and v between retrieval results with the single radar data adding the symmetrical model and with the dual-Doppler radar data are both above 0.8,and the mean square errors of u and v at the heights of 2-7 km decrease significantly.

关 键 词：多普勒雷达资料 台风反演 风场模型 弱约束 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]