辽河流域水生态功能一级分区指标体系与技术方法  

An index system and a technical method for the first level aquatic ecoregion in the Liaohe river basin

作　　者：李法云[1,2] 范志平[1] 张博[2,3] 王艳杰[1,2] 胡成 刘素平[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [3]辽宁省水环境生物监测与水生态安全重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110036 [4]辽宁省环境科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2012年第5期83-89,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07526-006-02);国家科技支撑项目(2010BAC69B02-01-04);沈阳市科技局计划项目(F10-205-1-64);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20092013);辽宁省百千万人才工程资助项目(2008921082);哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目共同资助

摘　　要：流域水生态功能分区是实现流域综合管理的重要基础,也是水环境管理由水质目标管理向流域水生态管理转变的重要依据。根据辽河流域大尺度水生态空间格局分异的自然属性,结合国内外相关生态环境分区的研究进展,通过对辽河流域水热比(P/T)、径流深(RD)、数字高程(DEM)、多年归一化植被指数(NDVI)和水文地质(RP)等自然因素、河流水环境因子及水生生物指标的典型相关分析(CCA),筛选出DEM、RD、RP、NDVI指数作为水生态功能一级分区的主要因子,并依此建立了辽河流域水生态功能一级分区指标体系与分区技术方法。结果表明:辽河流域可分为4个水生态功能一级区,即西辽河上游内蒙古大兴安岭东南—冀北山地丘陵水生态区、西辽河中下游西辽河平原水生态区和辽河中下游平原水生态区及浑河—太子河上游山地丘陵水生态区。辽河流域多年历史数据与野外水生态调查数据分析表明,流域内鱼类聚类分析结果与水生态功能一级分区结果在空间分布上具有较好的吻合性。水生态功能分区结果为辽河流域水生态综合管理提供了科技支撑,同时也为中国水生态功能分区技术方法的制订提供了参考依据。Aquatic ecoregion of watershed can offer an important foundation for integrated management of water environmental and for changing the management objectives from water quality to aquatic eco-health.Based on the natural attributes of the spatial differentiation of ecological pattern in the Liaohe river basin at a large scale and the progress on ecological environment division in home and abroad,the correlations between the natural factors such as the ratio of annual precipitation to mean annual temperature（P/T）,depth of runoff（RD）,digital elevation model（DEM）,NDVI,hydrological and geologic factors（RP）,aquatic environment factors of river and aquatic organism index were analyzed by a canonical correlation analysis（CCA）method.DEM,RD,RP and NDVI were selected as the first level factors of aquatic ecology division,and then an index system and a technical method on aquatic ecoregion were established.The results indicate that it can be divided into 4 first level aquatic ecoregions in the Liaohe river basin,i.e.the mountain and hill area in the upper reaches of west Liaohe river located in the southeast of Daxing′anling and the north of Hebei province,the plain area in the middle and lower reaches of the west Liaohe river,the plain area in the middle of the Liaohe river,the mountain and hill area in the upper reaches of Liaohe-Taizihe river,respectively.All the aquatic ecoregions have the significant relationships with the results of fish species cluster analysis according to historical data and field investigation data.The study offers the technical support for ecological management in the Liaohe river basin and references for the establishment of the technical method of aquatic ecoregion at watershed scale in China.

关 键 词：辽河流域 水生态功能分区 指标体系 分区方法 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]