芥蓝部分初级三体的选育及细胞学研究  

Generation and Cytological Research of Four Primary Trisomics in Chinese Kale(Brassica alboglabra L.H.Bailey)

作　　者：罗双霞[1] 申二巧[1] 张成合[1] 申书兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《园艺学报》2012年第11期2175-2181,共7页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2009000543)

摘　　要：初级三体是用于基因染色体定位的基础材料以芥蓝自交系‘9501’为试材,采用根尖细胞染色体计数法,从其三倍体与二倍体回交子代中筛选出了34个2n+1植株,利用无性快繁技术建成可持续利用的单株试管无性系,经核型分析从中初步获得了4个初级三体(1号初级三体,6 号初级三体,8 号初级三体和随体—初级三体)。各初级三体在株高、株形、叶形等形态特征上表现出一定差异,在减数分裂终变期均以 8Ⅱ+1Ⅲ的联会方式为主,后期Ⅰ染色体呈 9/10 分离的占绝大多数,额外染色体通过雌配子的传递率为 10.15%～27.63%,通过雄配子的传递率为 4.91%～11.86%。Primary trisomics are important materials for gene assignment. Chinese kale（Brassica alboglabra L. H. Bailey）inbred line‘9501’was used as material,by root tip cell chromosome number examination,34 plants with a extra chromosome（2n ＋ 1 = 19）were selected from the progenies of triploid（2n = 3x = 27）back-crossing with diploid parent（2n = 2x = 18）;via propagation in vitro and karyotype analysis,four primary trisomics（Tri-1,Tri-6,Tri-8 and Tri-SAT）were obtained from the 2n ＋ 1 plants. Each trisomic showed some special characters in morphological traits,and mainly formed 8 bivalents and 1 trivalent（8Ⅱ＋ 1Ⅲ）at meiotic diakinesis,and most cells got 9 chromosomes in a pole and 10 chromosomes in another pole（9/10）at meiotic anaphaseⅠ. The extra chromosomes of the four trisomics can transmit through female and male gametes,and the transmission rates ranged from 10.15% to 27.63% for female and 4.91% to 11.86% for male.

关 键 词：芥蓝 初级三体 核型分析 

分 类 号：S635.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]